日本國政調查權之比較研究

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE NATIONAL LEGISLATURE INQUISITION POWER OF JAPAN

謝宜成(Yi-Cheng Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 陳新民

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/國家發展研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.00765

摘要

在戰後之日本法制改革中，日本国憲法的制定相當重要，由於當時的占領政策影響，使這部日本的新憲法深受英美憲法理念之影響。為了有效行使國權，監督國政的行使，日本国憲法第六十二條引進國政調查權制度，將國政調查權明文入憲。

關於國政調查權之本質，由於對日本国憲法解讀之差異，致有獨立權能說及輔助權能說等觀點之別，此一爭論，連帶亦使國政調查權之行使範圍等問題隨立場之不同而變化，將一併作探討。

日本為落實國政調查權，法規範之配套不在少數，諸如国会法、眾議院規則、參議院規則、議院における証人の宣誓及び証言等に関する法律等等，惟由於法規範概念之界定上有時不夠明確，致國政調查之進行上，有人為操作介入之空間，值得注意。

我國關於國會之國政調查，至今仍未有一套完整之運作機制，法規範依據更是缺乏，司法院大法官釋字第三二五、五八五等號解釋作成以來，雖已逐漸釐清爭議，惟為免日後因相關規範制定上之缺陷致生危害，日本或其他各國運作上之優劣良窳、所面臨之困境，值得我國作為借鏡警惕，以日本之國政調查而言，雖已有一套完整之運作機制，惟仍有若干待研究之處，本文亦將其與歐美各法制先進國家之國會調查權互作較深入之比較，如得供我國立法時之參考，則為甚幸。

關鍵字

日本国憲法 ； 国会法 ； 議院における証人の宣誓及び証言等に関する法律 ； 國政調查權 ； 獨立權能說 ； 輔助權能說

並列摘要

About the legal system reform of Japan in the postwar, the new Constitution of Japan formulation is very important, because came under seizes policy influences then, this new consti- tution deeply influenced by the constitution ideas of English and U.S.A.. In order to effectively exercise the country power, keep under surveillance and direct country policies’ exercising, In this law 62nd,domesticate the national legislature inquisition power system, specific stipulated the national legislature inquisition power in the Constitution.of Japan .
The national legislature inquisition power has difference essence between the view of independent power and the view of auxiliary power . The argument jointly make the exerting scope and so on other questions changes along with the standpoint, and we will discuss it in the thesis.
In order to carry out the national legislature inquisition power, there's quite a lot laws and regulations of Japan such as and . Because the indefinite legal concept excessively are too many , therefore, the artificial operation space's very large in the process of the national legislature inquisition power. Counter view of the national legislature inquisition power of our country,until now is still lackinga set of integral operations mechanism,also the laws and regulations are lacking,too . Although the dispute is already gradually made more and more clear since the J.Y.Interpretation no.325 and the J.Y.Interpretation no.585 have done , nevertheless,in order to avoid the defects of lawsand regulations causing the harm in the future ,the strong points , shortcomings , or the facing difficult positions in the operation process of Japan or other countries here mentioned are worth our learning or precaution.If looked the the national legislature inquisition power of Japan,although already having a set of integral operations mechanism,but also still having some places waiting for discussion , we will discuss it and compare it with others countries ,it will be my honor if could be the the reference for our country in the future.

並列關鍵字

the Constitution of Japan ； the Diet Law ； the national legislature inquisition power ； the Oath and Testimony Law ； the view of independent power ； the view of auxiliary power

參考文獻

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