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  • 學位論文

組合學方法評價巴黎選擇權

Combinatorial Methods for Parisian Options

指導教授 : 呂育道

摘要


巴黎選擇權是一種路徑相關的選擇權。Chesney(1997)利用拉普拉斯轉換求解巴黎選擇權的微分方程式,除了這個方法之外,我們也可以利用樹模型評價巴黎選擇權,Lyuu及Wu在2009年提出改進Costabile(2002)的二元樹模型演算法,這個方法在複雜度上有不錯的表現,時間複雜度是O(n2)、而空間複雜度是O(n2)。但使用二元樹評價巴黎選擇權時,會因為障礙價格不一定在格點上而產生收斂跳動之非線性誤差。我們在這篇論文中討論以三元樹模型及bino-trinomial tree這兩種樹模型評價巴黎選擇權並且分析他們各自的複雜度,發現確實可以減少收斂跳動之非線性誤差。 在三元樹模型中,雖然可以解決因為選擇權的障礙價格不一定會落在節點上所造成的非線性誤差,但在組合學的方法中時間複雜度會大幅上升到O(n3)。因此我們再導入bino-trinomial tree這種模型來解決障礙價格所產生的誤差,而時間複雜度也可以維持在O(n2),空間複雜度在O(n),與Lyuu-Wu (2009) 的二元樹模型一樣,所以我們的結果結合了以上所有方法的優點,而且避開其缺點。

並列摘要


Parisian option is a path-dependent option. Chesney (1997) uses Laplace transform to derive the PDE for Parisian options. Lattice methods have also been used to price Parisian options. For example, Lyuu and Wu (2008) improve Costabile’s (2002) algorithm, which uses binomial tree model. The time complexity decrease to O(n2), and space complexity is O(n). But when we us binomial option pricing model for pricing Parisian options, there are nonlinearity errors when the barrier is not laid on one of the prices on the tree. In this thesis, we use combinatorial methods in trinomial tree model and bino-trinomial tree model for pricing Parisian options, and these two models do decrease nonlinearity errors. First we use trinomial tree model. Although there are no nonlinearity errors, the time complexity will rise to O(n3). Then we use the bino-trinomial tree model, which results in a time complexity of O(n2) and a space complexity of O(n), the same as Lyuu and Wu (2008). In conclusion, our method inherits all the strengths of the above methods while avoiding their weaknesses.

參考文獻


[1] Black, F., and Scholes, M. (1973) The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities, Journal of Political Economy, 81, 637–659.
[3] Chesney, M., Jeanblanc, M., and Yor, M. (1997) Brownian Excursion and Parisian Barrier Options, Advances in Applied Probability, 29, 165–184.
[4] Costabile, M. (2002) A Combinatorial Approach for Pricing Parisian Options, Decisions in Economics and Finance, 25(2), 111–125.
[5] Cox, J.C., Ross, S.A., and Rubinstein, M. (1979) Option Pricing: A Simplified Approach, Journal of Financial Economics, 7, 229–263.
[6] Dai, T.-S., and Lyuu, Y.-D. (2005) Pricing Double Barrier Options by Combinatorial Approaches, Advances in Soft Computing-Soft Computing as Transdisciplinary Science and Technology, Muroran, Japan, 1131–1140.

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