漫步於不同環境生心理效益：比較都市、自然與水體之差異

Psychological and Physiological Response of Walking in Different Environments: A Comparison Study across Urban, Nature and Water

張晉(Jin Chang)

指導教授 ： 余家斌

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/森林環境暨資源學研究所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201901479

摘要

本研究以「自然-有水體」、「自然-無水體」、「都市-有水體」、「都市-無水體」等四組環境為樣區，探討散步在不同環境（都市與自然）下有無水體對於恢復效益之影響，透過心率、血壓、心率變異率、盤斯心情量表(POMS)、恢復性組成量表(RCS)等生心理指標，評估水體所能帶來之恢復效果，為未來自然療癒在臺灣之推展工作，提供場域選擇上的判斷依據。

研究結果發現，自然環境具備水體，其恢復效果較自然環境無水體更好，兩者間於生理上，如心率、自律神經活性等部分會有顯著差異。而就都市環境而言，具備水體的都市環境亦較無水體之都市環境有更好的恢復效果，其效果之差異主要表現在心理上，比如POMS中的活力構面、自尊構面，以及RCS中的遠離性構面。

總結研究成果，在都市中合適的配置水體元素，能夠有效提升療癒與恢復效果，為心理情緒帶來正面影響，其所能帶來之療癒效能，接近於具有水體之自然環境。由此可證，將水體帶入都市環境中，是一個提升都市居民健康狀態的正確選擇。藉由本次實驗我們亦可以發現，療癒活動所帶來的生理恢復效果，受到運動所帶來的影響甚大，對於平常大多缺乏運動習慣的年輕族群來說，經過30分鐘的散步活動，反而會使得LF、HF皆下降，造成生理上的疲勞與壓力，未來在療癒活動規劃時，應將此點納入考慮。

關鍵字

水體 ； 恢復 ； 自然療癒 ； 森林療癒 ； 景觀療癒

並列摘要

This study explores whether the environment has water will have difference in restoration performance. Use four groups of environments as sample areas, such as, "natural environment", "natural environment with water", "urban environment", and "urban environment with water". Through the heart rate, blood pressure, heart rate variability, POMS, RCS scale as indicators, explore the restoration effect result from water elements, and hope to provide the basis academic foundation for selecting the place for natural healing in Taiwan.

In the comparison of " natural environment with water" and "natural environment", the difference of the healing effect is mainly in physiological parts, such as heart rate, autonomic nerve activity. The restoration performance of " Natural environment with water" is better than "natural environment". On the other hand, weather the urban environment has water, the difference in restoration performance is mainly in psychological parts, there is a significant difference in vitality, self-respect, and distance dimension in recovery scale.

Summarizing the research results, the proper allocation of water elements in the city can greatly improve the healing and recovery effects, and bring positive effects to human emotions. And the healing effect is close to the "natural environment with water". It can be proved that set up the water bodies into the urban environment is the right choice to improve the health of urban residents. Through this experiment, we can also find that the physiological restoration effect brought by the healing activities is greatly affected by the exercise. For the young people who lack exercise habits, after 30 minutes of walking activities, the value of LF and HF will fall, caused by physiological fatigue and stress. This point should be taken into consideration in the planning of healing activities.

並列關鍵字

water ； restoration ； natural healing ； forest healing ； landscape healing

參考文獻

(一) 英文文獻

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