研發兩款新型光觸媒和紫外線空氣清淨設計移除室內污染物

Two Novel Air-Cleaning Designs for Removing Indoor Air Pollutants Using Photocatalytic Oxidation and Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation

陳宥懿(Yu-Yi Chen)

指導教授 ： 黃振康

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/生物產業機電工程學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.01562

摘要

近年來室內空氣品質逐漸備受重視，本研究之目的為建立兩款新型空氣清淨機，移除特定的空氣污染物，清淨原理分別為光觸媒清淨機制以及紫外線殺菌機制。
光觸媒空氣清淨機制係以波長365 nm或254 nm的紫外燈管作為光源，照射在沾附二氧化鈦的保麗龍球上，產生光觸媒催化反應；將空氣清淨機擺放於氣體採樣箱內實驗，並以直讀式儀器偵測濃度多寡；探究光觸媒反應機制對於丙酮初始濃度750 ppm、500 ppm和250 ppm之丙酮降解率，並與傳統的平面式濾網比較清淨效能之優劣。實驗結果可得，在紫外線波長365 nm且基材沾附約1.0 g的二氧化鈦，丙酮初始濃度750 ppm的情況下，承裝體積100 ml的保麗龍球於實驗兩小時後有4.8%之降解率，優於承裝體積60 ml的保麗龍球3.9%以及濾網2.1%；氣流於單次循環將流量降低時，丙酮初始濃度750 ppm且使用波長254 nm的紫外線燈管實驗兩小時後，平均降解率可達30.0%。
紫外線清淨裝置係利用旋風分離筒內架設波長254 nm的殺菌燈管，設計理念為增加污染氣體於裝置內之滯留時間。透過計算流體力學軟體分析氣流於腔體之流動情形以及滯留時間，模擬結果可知，設定旋風筒入口流量60 lpm且網格數463239，4、8以及16條軌跡線平均的滯留時間分別為6.4、5.7以及5.6秒。除了使用電腦模擬滯留時間外，本實驗也進行紫外線燈管的強度測試，建立一測量燈管強度平台，開啟燈管72小時測試光衰減情形，光強度之平均值3.81 mW/cm2，標準差為0.0247 mW/cm2，紫外線燈管強度值穩定且光源於燈管中央位置具有最高之光強度。

關鍵字

揮發有機氣體 ； 光觸媒 ； 二氧化鈦 ； 紫外線殺菌法 ； 滯留時間

並列摘要

Indoor air quality is much more important in recent years. The purpose of this study is to set up two novel air-cleaning devices to purify specific air pollutants. The principles of air-cleaning device are photocatalysis and ultraviolet germicidal irradiation separately.
In photocatalyst study, styrofoam balls coated by TiO2 were illuminated by ultraviolet. The wavelength of ultraviolet were 254 nm and 365 nm separately. Air-cleaning device put in sampling chamber for testing process. Air pollutant was detected by direct reading instrument. However, the acetone degradation rate of photocatalysis in initial concentrations 750 ppm, 500 ppm and 250 ppm were investigated. Besides, the efficiency was compared with filter. The results showed that volume 100 ml styrofoam balls had the highest degradation efficiency were 4.8% for acetone which was better than volume 60 ml styrofoam balls 3.9% and filter 2.1% in ultraviolet wavelength 365 nm condition. The results showed that average acetone degradation rate was 30% in lower flow rate. Besides, the acetone initial concentration was 750 ppm in single circulation method and ultraviolet wavelength 254 nm conditions.
In ultraviolet germicidal irradiated study, a cyclone was installed with a 254 nm germicidial lamp. Furthermore, the residence time and the trajectories in device were simulated from computational fluid dynamics software. Besides, the volume flow rate was 60 lpm in cyclone entrance. The results showed that in 4、8 and 16 trajectories were 6.4 s, 5.7 s and 5.6 s in mesh number of 463239. In this study, measuring platform was set up to investigate the ultraviolet light conditions and intensities. The results showed that the average light intensity was 3.81 mW/cm2 in the72 hours of usage. Besides, the highest light intensity was concentrated on central of lamp.

並列關鍵字

volatile organic compounds ； photocatalyst ； TiO2 ； ultraviolet germicidal irradiation ； residence time

參考文獻

葉純宜、林明瀅、陳小泥、王復德。2005。紫外線殺菌效能探討。感染控制雜誌 15(5)

劉卓文、林鴻儒、陳宣志、陳俊傑。2005。門診個案報告-紫外線輻射探討。基

余國賓。2006。以紫外光/臭氧程序增進光觸媒對室內揮發有機物去除效率之研究。博士論文。台北：國立台灣大學環境工程學研究所。

張嘉麟。2009。空氣清淨技術與應用之研究。碩士論文。台北：國立臺北科技大學機電整合研究所。

Alberici, R.M. and W.F. Jardim. 1997. Photocatalytic destruction of VOCs in the