貨櫃船機艙段之抗撞性能分析

船舶碰撞與擱淺常造成船體結構破壞，引致貨品損失與人員嚴重傷亡，甚至可能引起後續的海洋污染災難等，近年來國際上對海洋環境保護與海洋維護以及對人員安全的重視，為使船舶事故發生所引發損傷降到最低，在船舶抗撞結構與航行安全更特別考量。船舶機艙配置船舶動力系統、電力系統、重要儀電系統，為船舶動力與操控核心部位。如遭撞擊造成船舶重大損失與燃油外洩的機率很高。本文探討8,236 TEU貨櫃船機艙段遭受同級貨櫃船側向撞擊過程的結構損壞與衝擊狀況。分析船舶碰撞發生後，撞擊船之船艏與被撞船之機艙段產生的破壞、相對運動關係。比較不同船速與不同角度狀態下船舶碰撞，觀察碰撞後結構破壞影響差異性。另外針對機艙段，修改機艙後段與機艙船側的局部結構強度，觀察局部強度增強對撞擊的破壞狀況、撞擊阻力以及結構吸能等狀況。同時比較高延性鋼材對撞擊損壞的影響。最後探討雙層殼結構艙間部份充水，對撞擊的影響。本文以LS-DYNA非線性更限元素程式分析船舶碰撞過程。使用高可變形船艏且同時使用高韌性的材料對撞擊結果的影響是最顯著的；雙層殼艙間充水也能降低撞擊時船體所受到的傷害，且僅需微小的修改船體設計。

關鍵字

部分裝水水箱；衝擊；損傷；撞擊；船舶

並列摘要

Ship collision and stranding usually causes the damages on hull structures, series injuries of crews and loss of cargoes on ships may occur. Furthermore, collision may result in the consequently oceanic catastrophes, etc. In order to protect and to maintain the ocean environment and to promote the crew’s safety, as well as to minimize the losses and damage after accident, special designs for anti-collision and navigational safety has been taken into consideration in the last two decades. In the engine room the propulsion unit, power unit, and key equipment, and kernel of control system of ships are installed. If the engine room section of ship is struck, the serious consequence and escape of fuel oil may be caused with very high probability. In this paper, the engine room section of an 8,236TEU container was selected case study. The conditions of structural damages and impact characteristic of engine room section were examined. The structural damage of both colliding ships, the motion of ships were analyzed. The results of different cases were compared. The effects of change of local structures in engineering room on the crashworthiness were also investigated. At last, investigates the effect on collision, causing from partial filled fluid in side tank of a double hull container ship on the impact resistance for facilities in engine room the consequent crashworthiness hull structures in ship collision will be investigated. The LS-DYNA nonlinear finite element analysis program was used to analyze the ship collision in this paper. Using high deformable bow and also high ductile material for hull structure has the best results to improve crashworthiness of structure in ship collision, nevertheless, the design of ship structures may have changed significantly; using partial filled fluid in side tank can also improve the crashworthiness of ship structures, and it needs only small change of structural design.

並列關鍵字

partial filling of tank ； shock ； damage ； collision ； ship

參考文獻

Hung C.F., Chen C.P., 2007,“The approximate method to predicate the crashworthiness of ship double hull structures,” pp.139-150, J. Taiwan SNAME, Vol.26, No.3, 2007.

Kawasaki, Hirofumi, 2010, Construction with high performance steel, Nippon steel corpopration.

Kitamura O., 2002, “FEM approach to the simulation of collision and grounding damage,” pp.403-428, Marine Structures 15th, 2002.

Kristjan T., Jerzy M., Petri V., 2009(a), “Sloshing interaction in ship collisions－ An experimental and numerical study,” Ocean Engineering., 2009.

Kristjan T., Joep B., Jerzy M., Petri V., 2009(b), “Analytical modeling of ship collision based on full-scale experiment,” Marine Structures., 2009.

國際替代計量

貨櫃船機艙段之抗撞性能分析

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