針對製造商藉由閉迴路運籌與動態庫存管理做效率庫存管理

以往，製造商都是直接根據客戶給的預測量來進行生產，然而客戶的預測量往往大於實際的客戶需求量而產生大量存貨，因此製造商根據實際的顧客需求量去推測最佳庫存量，進而以此數量和客戶溝通而得到彼此認為的理想庫存量。為了讓製造商得知最佳的庫存量以做有效率的庫存管理，本論文分為兩個主題：第一個主題是閉迴路運籌，探討在生產過程中的可變動性，其對於製造量與庫存量的影響，透過發放問卷至臺灣某公司的在職人員來取得相關統計量，藉由 K—W 檢定與三種不同觀點的事後檢定，來檢驗各個可變動性的重要性，讓製造商能夠依照重要性的排序，做有效率的生產與庫存管理；第二個主題是動態庫存管理，製造商依照實際顧客需求量來決定最佳的擺放庫存量，為了最佳化持有庫存量以及緩衝庫存量，本論文分別針對遞增需求、遞減需求以及波動需求的產品，當實際庫存量超出緩衝庫存的情形發生時，在不同的產品生命週期以及前置時間下，利用粒子群演算法找到不同對象的最佳調整值。

關鍵字

閉迴路運籌；動態庫存管理； K—W檢定；事後檢定；粒子演算法

並列摘要

In the past, manufacturers produce products according to the vendor’s forecast. However, the vendor’s forecast is frequently higher than the actual customer’s demand so it caused numerous inventories. Therefore, manufacturers come to plan according to the actual customer’s demand to obtain the optimal quantity of inventory and use this consequence to negotiate with vendors to get both satisfaction results. This study therefore focuses on two topics: first topic is closed-loop logistics that discusses the flexibilities among production that might affect the quantity of products and inventory. A questionnaire was distributed to people who work in a Taiwanese company to obtain relevant data and test the level of importance of all flexibilities by K—W test and three different post-hoc tests so that the manufacturer is able to do production management and inventory management efficiently. Second topic is dynamic buffer management that is the actual application of planning based on the actual customer’s demand. To optimize the quantity of inventory kept and the buffer inventory set in dynamic buffer management, this research focuses on three cases including the increasing demand product, the decreasing demand product, and the fluctuation demand product to adjust different objects under the different conditions of life cycles and lead-times by particle swarm optimization.

並列關鍵字

Closed-loop Logistics ； Dynamic Buffer Management ； K—W Test ； Post-hoc Test ； Particle Swarm Optimization

參考文獻

[1] F. P. Maturana, and D. H. Norrie, “Multi-agent Mediator architecture for Distributed Manufacturing,” International Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, Vol. 7, pp. 257-270, 1996

[2] W. Shen, “Distributed Manufacturing Scheduling Using Intelligent Agents,” IEEE Intelligent Systems, Vol. 17, pp. 88-94, 2002

[3] S. J. Grawe, “Logistics Innovation : A Literature-based Conceptual Framework,” International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 360-377, 2009

[4] B. T. Hazen and T. A. Byrd, “Toward Creating Competitive Advantage with Logistics Information Technology,” International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 8-35, 2012

[5] D. Prajogo and J. Olhager, “Supply chain integration and performance : The Effects of Long-term Relationships, Information Technology and Sharing, and Logistics Integration,” International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 135, pp. 514–522, 2012

國際替代計量

針對製造商藉由閉迴路運籌與動態庫存管理做效率庫存管理

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