- 學位論文
勉強出勤與工作滿意及情緒耗竭之關聯—以主管支持與職場友誼為調節變項
The Relationships between Presenteeism and Job Satisfaction and Emotional Exhaustion: Supervisory Support and Workplace Friendship as Moderators
摘要
「勉強出勤」（presenteeism）係描述儘管身體因疾病造成不適，或長時間工作造成疲倦，工作者仍出席或持續工作的行為。勉強出勤的相關研究數量少且零散於不同領域，主要為醫療、護理與職業健康。西方學者對勉強出勤的相關研究仍屬萌芽階段，較著重於員工勉強出勤行為對組織生產力衝擊之經濟層面影響，甚少探究勉強出勤對員工本身的工作態度與工作壓力之關聯。有鑑於此，本研究旨在探究勉強出勤與工作滿意以及情緒耗竭之關係，以工作場域中兩種重要的社會支持資源—主管支持與職場友誼—作為調節變項，並比較兩者的調節效果。 本研究以台灣地區全職工作者為樣本，進行結構性問卷施測，共計回收640份有效問卷。透過階層式迴歸分析，研究結果發現：勉強出勤與情緒耗竭有顯著的負向關聯，主管支持對工作滿意與情緒耗竭的主效果顯著，而職場友誼對勉強出勤與工作滿意以及情緒耗竭之關係具有顯著強化調節效果。據此，研究者建議企業應致力於降低員工勉強出勤之行為，以促進健康的勞動環境。再者，企業主應正視職場友誼可載舟亦可覆舟的雙面刃角色。
並列摘要
Presenteeism, the opposite of absenteeism, is becoming more prevalent in the Taiwanese workplace due to the current climate of global economic depression. Despite some definitional confusions, the most recent scholarly conception of presenteeism pertains to employees working when sick. Since studies exploring the relationship between presenteeism and individual work-related outcomes are still scarce, the purpose of this study is: 1. to systematically examine the relationships between presenteeism and employees’ strains and work attitudes; 2. to explore the roles of supervisory support and workplace friendship as stress buffers in the presenteeism process; 3. to compare the effects of these two moderators. Using structured questionnaires, we collected data from 640 full-time employees working in various organizations and industries in Taiwan. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that presenteeism had noxious effects on emotional exhaustion. Moreover, workplace friendship strengthened the negative relationship between presenteeism and job satisfaction as well as the unhealthy impact of presenteeism on emotional exhaustion. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the act of presenteeism and its damaging effects on employees’ well-being. The adverse buffering role of workplace friendship sounds the alarm for organizations to be aware of its dark side.