西太平洋邊緣海域浮游植物光合色素分佈研究

Distribution of Phytoplankton Pigment in Waters of Western Pacific Marginal Seas around Taiwan

林苾芬(Pi-Fen Lin)

指導教授 ： 溫良碩

國立臺灣大學/理學院/海洋研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2010.01639

摘要

本研究在2007年6月利用四船聯合探測(海研一號833航次、海研二號1444航次、海研三號1226航次及水試一號9605航次)於西菲律賓海、南海北部及台灣海峽等西太平洋邊緣海域採集樣品，並利用高壓液相層析法 (HPLC)，大範圍測定浮游植物之光合色素濃度，過去以單一波長計算濃度，本研究則利用各色素之滯留時間、吸收波長及吸收值的不同進行計算，進而藉由化學分類運算程式 (CHEMTAX)得知浮游植物族群的分佈比例及對葉綠素甲(Chlorophyll a)的貢獻量。本研究結果顯示，西菲律賓海表層海水總色素濃度範圍為0.11~2.21 mg/L，南海北部表層海水總色素濃度範圍為0.13~0.38 mg/L，皆以藍綠藻(Cyanobacteria)為優勢族群。台灣海峽表層海水總色素濃度為0.18~7.21 mg/L，北端以藍綠藻為主，南端及兩側沿岸以矽藻(Diatoms)及定鞭金藻(Prymnesiophytes)為主；浮游植物族群隨深度變化而有差異，藍綠藻及渦鞭毛藻(Dinoflagellates)多分佈在表層海水，推測可能是因為具光保護色素(玉米黃素及矽甲黃素)，因此適合光照強的環境，而在底層透光度低及營養鹽較高的區域則以金黃藻(Chrysophytes) 、定鞭金藻及矽藻為主。台灣西部沿岸南北兩端因為水文地理環境不同，浮游植物優勢族群各有差異，南部優勢族群主要為藍綠藻，北部則是原核綠藻(Prochlorophytes)。根據研究所得顆粒有機碳濃度與葉綠素甲濃度的相關性，估算台灣海峽浮游植物碳貢獻量總共為24 gC/m3。

關鍵字

浮游植物 ； 高壓液相層析 ； CHEMTAX ； 西菲律賓海 ； 南海北部 ； 台灣海峽

並列摘要

Abstract
The distribution of phytoplankton and its dominant group varied with climate and hydrologic conditions. In this study, phytoplankton pigments of suspended matters in waters of the western Philippine Sea (WPS), the north South China Sea (NSCS) and the Taiwan Strait (TS), were sampled and analysed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The composition and contribution of each phytoplankton classes were elucidated by Chemical Taxonomy (CHEMTAX).
The results showed that the concentration of total pigment in surface waters were 0.11~2.21mg/L in WPS, 0.13~0.38 mg/L in NSCS, and 0.18~7.21 mg/L in TS. In surface waters, cyanobacteria was the dominant phytoplankton in WPS, NSCS and north Taiwan Strait. Prymnesiophytes and diatoms were mostly found in coastal and south Taiwan Strait. Proclorophytes were only found in the near shore surface waters within the plume of Danshuei estuary. In addition, vertical zonal inhabitation was found for different phytoplanktons, cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates were mostly. The phytoplankton carbon contribution in waters of Taiwan Strait was 24 gC/m3, estimated from in-situ measurement of particulate organic carbon (POC) and chlorophyll a concentrations.

並列關鍵字

pigment ； phytoplankton ； the western Philippine Sea ； the north South China Sea ； the Taiwan Strait

參考文獻

Huang, R., 1986. Phytoplankton distribution off the southwestern coast of Taiwan. Acta Oceanographica Taiwanica, 16: 103-116.

Huang, R. and Chiang, Y., 1974. Phytoplankton along the southeastern coast of taiwan. Journal of Fishing Society Taiwan, 3(2): 5.

Banse, K., 1977. Determining the carbon-to-chlorophyll ratio of natural phytoplankton. Marine Biology, 41(3): 199-212.

Buma, A.G.J., Treguer, P., Kraay, G.W. and Morvan, J., 1990. Algal pigment patterns in different watermasses of the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean during fall 1987. Polar Biology, 11(1): 55-62.

Chang, C.H. and Huang, R., 1989. Biomass and productivity of size-fractionated phytoplankton in the coastal water of southwestern Taiwan. Acta Oceanographica Taiwanica, 23: 86-94.