- 學位論文
家族企業中變革管理成功因素探討-以利豐集團與特力集團為例
Key Success Factors of Change Management in The Family Business-Case Studies of Li & Fung and TestRite Group
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摘要
因應華人家族企業近年來的變革風潮，本研究欲以個案研究的方式選擇優秀的變革成功企業、同時也是優秀的華人家族企業，觀察其關鍵成功因素之來由，並著重在研究華人領導風格是否以促進變革管理的成功因素為路徑，間接成就了華人家族企業的成功。根據前述，首先由文獻中尋找出主軸構面及其子構面因素： ◎華人領導模式的判斷標準：（1）、領導的風格讓華人組織中員工有追隨領導人腳步的思考邏輯。（2）、領導者的「德行」會被列入員工是否忠誠的考量，故領導者會藉機宣揚其德行，而此德行之評估方式常以是否符合華人傳統衡量之。 （3）、績效獎罰制度常並不被明確定義，常以領導者本身之喜好去裁量員工。 （4）、領導者和員工權威距離大。（5）、有家長式領導的存在。 ◎變革管理的成功因素：（1）以員工為本。（2）快速暢通的跨層級溝通。 （3）明確闡述當前企業文化。（4）迎接突發狀況，保持組織彈性。（5）將企業變革正規化。（6）培養主人翁意識。（7）引入外部資源與助力。（8）在變革和延續之間取得平衡。（9）有規劃的變革。 ◎家族企業的成功因素：（1）、延攬專業獨立的外部經理人。（2）、追求多角化策略。（3）、團結一致的組織文化。（4）、良好的變革管理。（5）、良好的接班機制。 研究結論：員工追隨領導人腳步，達成了變革管理成功因素中「以員工為本」、「將企業變革正規化」，領導者的德行達成了變革管理成功因素中「以員工為本」、「明確闡述當前企業文化」，家長式領導和變革管理成功因素中以「以員工為本」、「在變革和延續間平衡」有關，高權威距離妨礙了變革管理成功因素中「快速暢通的跨層級溝通」的達成。 最後，九項變革管理的關鍵成功因素皆與家族企業成功因素的「良好的變革管理」有關，可以佐證變革管理的成功因素另一方面也是家族企業中成功因素，另外其中「在變革和延續間平衡」也讓家族企業關鍵成功因素的「多角化策略」能夠同時達成。而「培養主人翁意識」則和「延攬專業獨立的外部經理人」為相牴觸的作為，若華人家族企業要永續經營，其內部人才和外部人才之間需要更加留意其可能產生的矛盾。
並列摘要
Family Business is a common type in Chinese companies. This paper intends to observe if there are some key success factors in Chinese Family Business, when they are changing. Change management is a key to sustain business life, especially in a traditional Chinese Family Business. Following are the key dimension and the affiliated dimensions in this paper: ◎How to know if Chinese Leadership type is in a organization? 1) Employees pledge their loyalty to “boss” instead of the company. 2) Employees regard Chinese traditional ethics as an important criteria to judge their leader. 3) Leaders use subjective view to evaluate the employees. 4) High power distance. 5) Paternalistic Leadership exists in the organization. ◎Key success factors in Change Management: 1) Address the human side systematically. 2) Conduct a fast and open communication way. 3) Address the culture landscape explicitly. 4) Keep the flexibility. 5) Make the formal case. 6) Create ownership. 7) Look for source and assistance 8) Strike a balance between change and survive. 9) Planning is a concern. ◎Key success factors of Family Business: 1) Do not Recruit professional managers only in family. 2) Pursuit the strategy of diversification. 3) Make the employees united. 4) A good change management. 5) Build a mechanism to ensure inheritor has capability to lead the company. Research conclusion: The factor「Employees pledge their loyalty to “boss” instead of the company」 make a successful change management easier to achieve via 「Address the human side systematically」and 「Make the formal case」.「Employees regard Chinese traditional ethics as an important criteria to judge their leader」make a successful change management easier to achieve via 「Address the human side systematically」and 「Address the culture landscape explicitly」. Paternalistic Leadership make successful change management easier to achieve via 「Address the human side systematically」and 「Strike a balance between change and survive」.「High power distance」 is against to 「Conduct a fast and open communication way」, cause if the power distance is too high, it will block the communication way between leaders and employees. Every success factor of change management is relative to「A good change management」(a key success factor of Family Business), the factors of different dimensions can be achieved at the same time. 「Strike a balance between change and survive」is relative to「Pursuit the strategy of diversification」, 「Create ownership」is against and weakens the factor「Do not Recruit professional managers only in family」, in Family Business, we should pay attention on the possible paradox between interior managers and the managers who are recruited from exterior environment.
參考文獻
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