電動機車內藏式永磁馬達多目標最佳化設計

Multiobjective Optimal Design of an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Scooter

吳大宇(Da-Yu Wu)

指導教授 ： 陽毅平

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.01832

摘要

本文的研究目的為設計電動機車的輪外馬達，依據電動機車的需求訂定馬達規格而進行設計。內藏式永磁馬達的結構強健，適合高速運轉，且d-q軸的電感差異大使得磁阻轉矩提升，弱磁控制效果佳，使馬達的可操作轉速範圍延伸，也較不容易發生退磁的現象。本文依據電動機車的馬達規格需求，依序挑選馬達的類型、繞線方式、槽數與極數，以及繞線規劃，並利用磁路模型求解氣隙磁通密度，進一步求得馬達的轉矩、反電動勢、效率等性能，再以多目標函數的最佳化，得到一組最佳的馬達參數尺寸，並且利用有限元素分析軟體進行驗證，以及細部參數的最佳化設計，並估測馬達性能曲線與效率分布。最後進行製造與測試，並根據實驗數據結果加以討論。

關鍵字

電動機車 ； 內藏式永磁馬達 ； 多目標最佳化設計 ； 有限元素分析 ； 弱磁控制

並列摘要

In this thesis, an interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor is designed based on specifications for electric scooters. IPM motors are robust and capable of operating at high motor efficiency over a wide range of speeds. In addition, the q-axis inductance is greater than the d-axis inductance because of the rotor geometry. As a result, reluctance torque can be generated, making the magnet highly resistant to demagnetization. In addition, the flux-weakening control, implemented by leading the input current phase, also increases the motor speed.First, the preliminary design determines the motor type, winding type, and the number of slots and poles. Second, a two-dimensional (2-D) magnetic circuit model for IPM motors is constructed by using the motor design equations, and the electromagnetic equations were established for an optimal motor design with a multifunctional optimizer. Finally, the optimal design result is verified by experiments on a prototype machine.

並列關鍵字

Electric scooter ； interior permanent magnet motor ； multiobjective optimal design ； finite element analysis ； flux-weakening control

參考文獻

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