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  • 學位論文

花蓮縣富源遺址發掘與史前遺構初探

Excavation and An Exploratory Study on the Prehistory Structure of Fuyuan Site, Hualien

指導教授 : 陳有貝
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摘要


富源遺址為東部地區重要的新石器時代遺址,據研究結果至少有兩個史前文化層,分別為新石器時代晚期素面陶文化與鐵器時代文化,年代早至3000年左右。由於位置偏僻,為山坡水土保持區域,故除了日治時期曾為神社所在地,及後期人群開墾種植檳榔、山蘇園等作物外,並未受到過度開發破壞,保存狀況堪稱良好。根據過去以來的認識,本遺址存有石壁、單石、石板,及各種考古遺物。2014-2015年臺灣大學考古隊在富源遺址的發掘工作中,亦出土了豐富的地下埋藏,包含大量陶片、石器及玉器等。而石壁周圍以及其它地點亦發現了整齊的石板結構,顯示史前時代人群在此定居、生活的榮景。本遺址具有豐富的單石遺留,根據地表調查結果即計有百餘件單石,發掘過程中亦出土多件,且形式多元,頗值得注意。過去研究多關注於東海岸區域之單石遺留分佈,近年來縱谷區域調查研究增加,亦開始累積縱谷地區單石遺留分佈資料,而富源遺址豐富的單石正可提供此一問題研究的重要參考。 本文以2014-2015在富源遺址進行之考古研究成果為基礎,加上相關遺址與早期民族學的調查資料,整理與討論縱谷型單石的形態與出土脈絡,並以類比的方法比較早期原住民與富源遺址所見利用石板與單石的方式,嘗試解釋本遺址出土結構與遺構的可能意義。在餘論的部分則對於「巨石文化」與石質遺構的定義,以及富源遺址的文化意義提出一些看法。

並列摘要


The Fuyuan site is an important Neolithic site in Eastern Taiwan, with at least two prehistorical cultural layer, including Neolithic plain pottery culture and iron age culture. Because of the inaccessibility, the site was neither severely exploited nor destroyed. During the excavations of the Department of Anthropology, NTU in 2014 and 2015, abundant artifacts of potsherds, stone tools and jade tools were discovered. Around the stone walls we also discovered some regular slate structures. According to the result of surface research, more than one hundred menhirs were recorded. Several menhirs with diverse forms were also discovered during the excavation. Despite that most research in the past focused on the distribution of menhirs in the coastal range, the abundant menhirs of Fuyuan site can enrich the accumulating information of menhirs in the East Rift Valley. Based on the result of excavation on Fuyuan site during 2014 to 2015, and with the earlier ethnographies, this thesis tries to explain the meanings of the slat structures and stone structures. Furthermore, I discuss the definition of “Megalithic Culture” and stone structure, and the cultural meaning of Fuyuan site.

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