論容積管制之中央與地方立法權限分配爭議

An Analyasis on the Disputes of Separation of Legislative Power Between Central and Local Governments over Bulding Bulk Regulation

陳列(Lieh Chen)

指導教授 ： 張兆恬

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/國家發展研究所/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202203496

摘要

容積管制係指政府為達成土地之合理使用，所依計畫容納人口、居住密度、每人平均居住樓地板面積及公共設施服務水準，訂定平均容積率，並依其計畫特性、區位、面臨道路寬度、鄰近公共設施之配置情形、地形地質、發展現況及限制所分別訂定者。再者，依我國目前容積管制規範主要係散見於中央法規，如都市計畫法、建築法，而亦散見於地方自治法規中；但又考量容積管制係涉及土地合理使用及相關公共設施服務之提供，並非僅具有地方性質，亦有一定跨越地方轄區的外溢效力，使得容積管制常出現中央與地方權限分配之爭議：究竟容積管制得否由地方政府於法律無授權下，逕行本於自治權限於自治法規中自行規範？而若有此權限，中央監督之權限為何？殊值得予以探討。因此，本文將透過對於容積管制之規範與立法經過、憲法及地方制度法上關於中央與地方立法權限分配之探討，並對近來幾個具有代表性的權限爭議案件予以探討分析，企圖以此對於容積管制規範之憲法定性予以做一個拋磚引玉的發想。

關鍵字

容積管制 ； 中央與地方立法權限劃分 ； 垂直分權 ； 地方制度法 ； 都市計畫法

並列摘要

Building Bulk control means that in order to achieve the rational use of land, the government sets the average floor area ratio according to the planned population, residential density, average floor area of residential buildings per person and the level of public facilities services, and sets it according to its planned characteristics, location, road width, configuration of adjacent public facilities, topography and geology, development status and restrictions. Furthermore, according to current Building Bulk control norms are mainly scattered in central regulations, such as Urban Planning Law, Building Act ,but also scattered in self-government ordinances and regulations ; However, considering that Building Bulk control is related to the rational use of land and the provision of related public facilities and services, it is not only local in nature, but also has a certain spillover effect across local jurisdictions, which makes Building Bulk control often controversial between central and local authorities : Whether the Building Bulk control can be regulated by the local government without the authorization of the law, which is based on the autonomy of the autonomous laws and regulations ? If so, what is the authority of central supervision ? It is worth discussing. Therefore, this paper will discuss the distribution of the legislative authority between the central and local governments through the discussion of the norms and legislative process of Building Bulk control, the constitution and the local institutional law, and discuss and analyze several recent representative cases of authority disputes, in an attempt to building bulk control norms of the Constitution to be a valuable idea.

並列關鍵字

Building Bulk ； Division of Authority between Central and Local Governments ； Constitution of the Republic of China ； Local Government Act ； Urban Planning Law

參考文獻

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