藥學與麻醉學高影響期刊並列第一作者及並列通訊作者之研究

本研究採用書目計量法，以1995年至2014年收錄於WOS資料庫之藥學及麻醉學期刊論文為研究對象，觀察兩個領域的並列第一作者及並列通訊作者現象。研究中先針對兩個領域進行論文數、國家與機構分布、合著率、平均作者人數以及被引次數分析，建構兩個領域的整體概況。接著分別進行並列第一作者論文及並列通訊作者論文分析，先從論文數、國家與機構分布、以及並列作者數及署名序建構並列第一作者論文及並列通訊作者論文概況，再從合著作者數、跨領域合作和研究經費來源三個面向探討並列第一作者和並列通訊作者現象與合著特性之關聯，接著觀察並列第一作者論文和並列通訊作者論文之被引次數的高低。最後則進行藥學及麻醉學領域並列第一作者及並列通訊作者整體概況、論文合著特性及被引次數的比較。研究結果顯示，藥學及麻醉學領域之合著論文數與合著作者人數均增加，近二十年合著率分別為90.37%和95.17%，麻醉學歷年合著率均在90%以上，且麻醉學平均作者人數為4.82人高於藥學的4.41人。藥學及麻醉學分別於2001年及1998年出現第一篇並列第一作者論文，兩個領域均從1995年就出現第一篇並列通訊作者論文，顯示並列通訊作者論文較早出現於兩個領域。近二十年藥學及麻醉學並列第一作者論文各有888篇及769篇，並列第一作者率分別為4.99%和2.15%，兩個領域各有1,507篇及227篇並列通訊作者論文，並列通訊作者率則分別為8.47%和0.63%，藥學並列第一作者率及並列通訊作者率均高於麻醉學。藥學及麻醉學的並列第一作者論文中，並列前兩位作者為第一作者所佔的比例皆高達90%以上；但兩個領域在並列通訊作者論文的署名序的分布則較為不一致，藥學以並列全部作者為通訊作者為主，麻醉學則以第一作者和最後作者並列為通訊作者為最主要的署名方式，並列通訊作者署名序的方式較多元。在合著作者人數方面，並列第一作者論文之合著者人數主要介於6至10位之間，高於並列通訊作者論文主要的2至5位之間，且合著作者數與並列第一作者率或並列通訊作者率均不具顯著關聯性，即合著作者數越多的論文，未必越傾向有並列第一作者或並列通訊作者現象。在跨領域合作方面，近半數的並列第一作者論文和並列通訊作者論文有跨領域合作，在有跨領域合作的論文中，絕大多數的合著者是來自兩個不同領域進行合作，且並列第一作者論文和並列通訊作者論文之跨領域數普遍高於一般論文。在研究經費來源方面，並列第一作者論文與並列通訊作者論文均從研究、政府、基金會及企業等多元機構取得研究經費，但普遍從研究機構獲得補助的比例最高。在被引次數方面，並列第一作者論文之被引次數低於一般合著論文，並列通訊作者論文之被引次數高於一般合著論文，且並列通訊作者論文之被引次數高於並列第一作者論文。藥學及麻醉學分別於2004年及2005年出現第一篇同時並列第一作者和並列通訊作者論文，藥學整體並列第一作者且並列通訊作者率為1.05%，高於麻醉學的0.11%。除了並列第一作者及並列通訊作者論文外，兩個領域均出現其他並列作者現象，包含並列最後作者、並列資深作者和並列第二作者。

關鍵字

並列第一作者；並列通訊作者；藥學；麻醉學；作者；書目計量

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to examine the co-first author and co-corresponding author in pharmacy and anesthesia area by bibliometric methods. The subjects are articles published in high-impact factor journals in the pharmacy and anesthesia area during 1995-2014 which recorded in Web of Science. The study analyzes the country and institution distribution of co-first author and co-corresponding author articles, and also analyzes the numbers and byline position of co-first author and co-corresponding author. In addition, the paper also investigates the influence of the number of coauthors, inter-disciplinary collaboration, and fund sources on the tendency of co-first author and co-corresponding author. The major findings are summarized as follows. The coauthored articles and the number of coauthors in pharmacy and anesthesia area are increasing. The percentage of co-authorship in pharmacy and anesthesia area is 90.37% and 95.17% respectively, and the annual percentage of co-authorship in anesthesia area are all above 90%. The average coauthors in anesthesia area is 4.82 which is higher than that in pharmacy area (4.41). The co-first author article first appeared in 2001 in pharmacy and 1998 in anesthesia area, and the co-corresponding author article both first appeared in 1995 in the two area, which co-corresponding author phenomenon emerged earlier. In the late twenty years, the number of co-first author articles in pharmacy and anesthesia area are 888 and 769 respectively, and the percentages of co-first author articles are 4.99% and 2.15%. The number of corresponding author articles in pharmacy and anesthesia area are 1,507 and 227 respectively, and the percentages of co-corresponding author are 8.47% and 0.63%.It shows the rate of co-first author and the rate of co-corresponding author in pharmacy are higher than that in anesthesia. More than 90% of co-first author articles in the two areas list the first two authors as co-first authors. Most co-corresponding author articles list all authors as co-corresponding authors in pharmacy area, while most co-corresponding author articles list the first author and last author as co-corresponding authors in anesthesia area. The number of coauthors of co-first author articles mainly vary from 6 to 10, while that of co-corresponding author articles from 2 to 5. The number of coauthors has no significantly correlation with the rate of co-first or the rate of co-corresponding author, that is, the articles with more coauthors may not result in more co-first author or co-corresponding author. In terms of inter-disciplinary collaboration, most coauthors come from two different disciplines in inter-disciplinary collaboration articles. Compared with general articles, the authors of co-first and co-corresponding author articles come from more diverse disciplines. It is found out that co-first author or co-corresponding author articles obtain research fund from different resources including research institutions, governments, foundations and industries. In most cases, the articles get most research fund from research institutions. The cited numbers of co-first author articles are lower than general coauthor articles, while the cited numbers of co-corresponding author articles are higher than general coauthor articles. The cited numbers of co-corresponding author articles are higher than co-first author articles. The paper with co-first author and co-corresponding author occurred at the same time in pharmacy and anesthesia area, which appeared first in 2004 in pharmacy and appeared in 2005 in anesthesia . The rate of co-first and co-corresponding in pharmacy area is 1.05%, which is higher than that in anesthesia area (0.11%). In addition to co-first and co-corresponding articles, there are other co-author phenomenon, which includes co-last author, co-senior author, and co-second author.

並列關鍵字

co-first author ； co-corresponding author ； pharmacy ； anesthesia ； authorship ； bibliometric method

參考文獻

范國棟、陸翔寧（2010）。兩岸麻醉學界2000至2008年學術論文之分析。臺灣醫界，53（4），38－41。

Akhabue, E., & Lautenbach, E. (2010). “Equal” contributions and credit: An emerging trend in the characterization of authorship. Ann Epidemiol, 20(11), 868-871. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.08.004.

Amabile, T. A., Patterson, C, Mueller, J., Wojcik, T., Odomirok, P. W., Marsh, M., & Kramer, S. J. (2001). Academic-practitioner collaboration in management research: a case of cross-profession collaboration. The Academy of Management Journal, 44(2), 418-431.

American Medical Association. (2014). JAMA instructions for authors. Retrieved from http://jama.jamanetwork.com/public/instructionsForAuthors.aspx

American Physical Society. (2002). APS guidelines for professional conduct. Retrieved from http://www.aps.org/policy/statements/02_2.cfm#supplementary_guidelines1

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藥學與麻醉學高影響期刊並列第一作者及並列通訊作者之研究

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