口蹄疫可感染所有偶蹄類動物,且具有高度傳染力,在畜牧產業中是相當重要的病毒性疾病。目前,台灣的防疫政策仍然是全面施打不活化疫苗,並以血清中和試驗(serum neutralizing test, SN test)來評估免疫動物獲得中和抗體保護力的情形。然而,SN test耗時、成本高,且需在嚴格的負壓實驗室內操作。近期的研究指出,大多免疫動物的血清中以抗Site 2抗體為主。因此,我們希望以類病毒空殼蛋白(virus-like particles, VLP)和抗Site 2單源抗體(monoclonal antibody, MAb)建構阻斷型酵素連結免疫吸附試驗(blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, bELISA),並評估是否可取代SN test。VLP的製備以哺乳類細胞表現系統-transient expression assay搭配共轉染策略製造,並經過蔗醣梯度離心(sucrose gradient centrifugation)及sandwich ELISA等實驗間接確定VLP構型。為了從本實驗室已製備的41株MAbs中挑選出抗Site 2抗體,本研究採用單點突變(knock-out mutagenesis)的方式,以免疫螢光染色(immunofluorescence assay, IFA)和indirect ELISA找出可以辨識VLP但無法辨識Site 2單點突變VLP(mutated VLP, mVLP)之MAbs。配合中和抗體力價檢測結果,有6株抗Site 2抗體被篩選出來。經過sandwich ELISA以及少量樣品測試(實驗豬隻血清和臨床檢體)之bELISA,挑選S11E-9為最佳tracer完成bELISA的建構。
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals worldwide. Serum neutralization test (SN test), a gold standard for evaluating the protection rate against FMDV, is still performed for disease control in Taiwan. However, SN test is laborious, expensive and requires a high-containment biosafety lab. Based on the current study on vaccinated animals, antigenic site 2 of FMDV is the most immuno-dominant neutralizing site. We aim to establish a blocking ELISA (bELISA) based on FMD virus-like particles (VLPs) and site 2 monoclonal antibody (MAb) to detect antibodies against site 2 from vaccinated animals and replace the SN test. VLPs were expressed by eukaryotic transient expression assay with co-transfect strategy and examined by sucrose gradient centrifugation accompanied with sandwich ELISA. For mapping MAb against site 2 from 41 anti-FMDV MAbs prepared previously, we performed knock-out mutagenesis with VLPs and mVLPs (site 2 mutated) by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and indirect ELISA. Combined with neutralization assay, results indicated that 6 MAbs recognized site 2. Based on the results of sandwich ELISA and bELISA with experimental serum, S11E-9 was regarded as the best tracer to establish bELISA with VLPs.