電動大客車動能與傳動系統及行車型態之匹配與評估

Matching and Evaluation of the Powertrain and the Driving cycle for Electric Buses

游亮盈(Liang-Ying Yu)

指導教授 ： 劉霆

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202102438

摘要

本研究以電動大客車作為研究對象，以電動車動力流作為研究基礎，配合馬達、變速箱、以及電池模型、與輔助機械系統，提出一個電動車動力整合模型，並且建立可規畫任何路線之仿真行車型態模型，本研究在模擬中規畫三種實際營運北市公車路線作為行車型態，分別為都會型行車型態、爬坡型行車型態、城際型，搭配不同馬達、馬達額定扭矩、電池容量、不同檔位數變速箱進行匹配，以能耗為評估基準，藉此評估電動大客車行駛於不同行車型態時，車輛動能與傳動系統之匹配。本研究參考三種馬達模型，將馬達規劃成三種額定功率規格，搭配三種電池容量規格，以及三種行車型態設置，並在行車形態中加入仿真設定包括乘客上下車、紅綠燈，使車輛更符合實際運作情況，發展Matlab程式建立數值模型，最後以總能耗為考量，討論在不同行車型態之下最適合電動大客車的匹配設計。本研究成果可以幫助車廠在設計電動大客車相關目標時做使用，提供電動大客車在任何路段上，以最佳能耗為設計目標之參考依據。

關鍵字

電動大客車 ； 行車型態 ； 輔助機械系統 ； 匹配分析

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to develop a design strategy of the powertrain and the driving cycle for electric bus by matching the motor, battery system, electric auxiliary mechanical systems, and the transmission system in the powertrain. In this study, three actual bus routes in Taipei city are planned in the simulation as the driving cycle, which are the urban mode, the hill-climbing mode, and the intercity mode. It matched with different motors, motor rated torque, battery capacity, and gearboxes with different gears, and based on energy consumption to evaluate the match between the vehicle kinetic energy and the transmission system when the electric bus is running in different modes. In this research, numerical models are created by MATLAB, refers to three motors models, arranges motors into three power rating specifications, matches with three battery capacity specifications, and three types of driving cycles. Furthermore, it adds simulate setting into the driving cycle, including passengers getting on/off and traffic lights, so that the vehicle is more in line with the actual operating conditions. Finally, considering the total energy consumption, this paper discusses the most suitable matching design for electric buses under different driving cycles. The results of this research can provide vehicle manufacturers the reference basis for the design goals of electric buses on any road with the best energy consumption when designing electric buses or related objects.

並列關鍵字

Electric vehicles ； Driving cycle ； Electric auxiliaries ； Matching design

參考文獻

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