黃連木葉子精油抑制黃嘌呤氧化酶之活性研究

Studies on Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Pistacia chinensis Bunge Leaf oil

黃琪雅(Chi-Ya Huang)

指導教授 ： 張惠婷

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/森林環境暨資源學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.10805

摘要

本研究之目的為探討黃連木（Pistacia chinensis）枝條、葉子精油與抽出物抑制黃嘌呤氧化酶之活性，期盼開發黃連木於醫療保健領域的新用途。研究結果顯示黃連木枝條與葉子的乙醇抽出物、丙酮抽出物、熱水抽出物與精油中，以葉子精油抑制黃嘌呤氧化酶的效果最為顯著。 葉子精油的6個分離部中，以E1分離部最能抑制黃嘌呤氧化酶的催化；經由成分分析顯示，葉子精油與分離部E1的主要成分均為Limonene，相對含量分別為23.44%和61.06%，其他次要成分尚有cis-β-Ocimene、Terpinen-4-ol、α-Thujene、α-Pinene、4-Carene與3-Carene等。精油主成分Limonene經定量分析顯示，(+)-Limonene之含量明顯高於(-)-Limonene。成分中具有減少尿酸形成的化合物為Myrcene、(-)-Limonene與(+)-Limonene，使用次黃嘌呤為受質時，化合物的半數抑制濃度分別為36.88、33.53和37.69 μg/mL，而抑制酵素催化黃嘌呤為尿酸之IC50值則介於41.05－48.04 μg/mL。 精油、E1分離部與有效成分進行酵素動力學分析，發現E1分離部、Myrcene與(-)-Limonene是以競爭型方式阻礙酵素催化次黃嘌呤生成尿酸，而黃連木葉子精油、Camphene、(+)-Limonene和γ-Terpinene則為混合型態；當受質為黃嘌呤時，全部試樣皆為混合型的方式影響黃嘌呤氧化酶與黃嘌呤的親和力。綜合上述結果，可知黃連木葉子精油具有潛力發展為治療痛風的天然藥物。

關鍵字

黃連木 ； 精油 ； 黃嘌呤氧化酶 ； 抑制黃嘌呤氧化酶活性 ； 檸檬烯

並列摘要

The aim of this study was to evaluate the xanthine oxidase inhibitiory activities of oils and extracts from Pistacia chinensis leaf and twig. According to xanthine oxidase inhibition results, leaf oil exhibited the most excellent performance whether hypoxanthine or xanthine was used as the substrate. Among six fractions of leaf oil, E1 fraction possessed the best xanthine oxidase inhibition activity. Results from the chemical composition analysis of leaf oil and E1 fraction, both specimens showed limonene was the main compound with the relative content of 23.44% and 61.06%, respectively. The other compounds from leaf oil had cis-β-ocimene, terpinen-4-ol, α-thujene, α-pinene, 4-carene and 3-carene. In quantitative analysis of limonene, both leaf oil and E1 fraction had a much higher content of (+)-limonene than that of (-)-limonene. When the substrate was hypoxanthine, myrcene, (-)-limonene and (+)-limonene were the best active compunds against xanthine oxidase with IC50 values of 36.88, 33.53 and 37.69 μg/mL, respectively. When the substrate was xanthine, IC50 values of myrcene, (-)-limonene and (+)-limonene ranged from 41.05 to 48.04 μg/mL. In the enzyme kinetic studies, E1 fraction, myrcene and (-)-limonene exhibited the competitive-type inhibition against xanthine oxidase; and leaf oil, camphene, (+)-limonene and γ-terpinene exhibited the mix-type inhibition when using hypoxanthine as a substrate. When the substrate was xanthine, all active specimens presented the mix-type inhibition. Accordingly, leaf oil from Pistacia chinensis is a natural remedy with a great potential for the treatment of gout.

並列關鍵字

Pistacia chinensis ； Essential oil ； Xanthine oxidase ； Xanthine oxidase inhibitiory activity ； Limonene

參考文獻

14(2): 60-62。 林孝義 (1996) 痛風與高尿酸血症。健康世界雜誌社。台北。16-62 頁。 林修賢、蕭英倫、張上鎮 (2008) 相思樹葉子抽出物抗氧化活性之初探。中華林學

季刊。41(2): 249-263。 翁舒駿、徐國雄、唐德成、吳明儒 (2012) 治療高尿酸血症的新藥-Febuxostat。腎

陳昭姿 (2012) Febuxostat (Feburic)-四十年後再見治療痛風新藥。當代醫學。39(2): 115-118。

葉慶輝、吳香錡 (2011) 台灣南部健檢成人高尿酸血症與新陳代謝症候群之相關性 探討。中華職業醫學雜誌。18(3): 197-210。

顏佩翎 (2008) 臺灣肖楠心材抗氧化成分之研究。臺灣大學森林環境暨資源學研究 所碩士論文。25-32 頁。