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  • 學位論文

營建業知識管理之知識分享模型與知識分類

KNOWLEDGE-SHARING MODELING AND THE CLASSIFICATION DESIGNED FOR KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

指導教授 : 荷世平

摘要


源自於資源基礎理論(Resource-Based Theory)的知識管理(Knowledge Management),是21世紀初企業管理的熱門話題。在金融保險、高科技等眾多不同產業廣為風行後,這股熱潮也逐漸受到營建業界的重視,進而開始有公司推行之。 從知識管理相關文獻的探討中可以發現,組織成員對知識抱持藏私主義(silo-ism),常常是企業推行知識管理所面臨的重大難題之一,也是造成推行成效不佳的關鍵因素。有鑑於此,才有激勵制度(incentive system)的訂定以鼓勵員工之知識分享(share)行為,但即使如此,不願分享知識的問題仍然存在。知識管理相關研究之數量繁多,但鎖定知識分享議題為主的深入探討卻相當缺乏,且普遍沒有以一適當的方法論加以分析。許多知識管理相關研究也明確指出激勵制度的重要性,但是內容往往簡單帶過,甚為貧乏。事實上,如果企業沒有知識分享的風氣與環境,即使有再成熟的IT技術、知識管理軟體,建立知識平台也只是徒勞無功。 然而早在明確的知識管理的概念被提出之前,一般公司便已經有知識管理的行為存在。在網路與電腦普及化之後,資料檔案電子化、員工透過網際網路或公司內部網路傳送資料訊息,公司建立資料庫以便於日後資料的儲存與搜尋等管理方法更是廣泛地被各種公司使用,另外關於知識的創造、傳承方面也是行之已久,如師徒制度(Master-Apprentice)的採行等。如今因知識經濟時代的來臨,知識管理的概念被重新提出、並強調其重要性。然而公司是否有必要推行與以往不同,而更為進階的知識管理政策?如建構知識管理平台(Knowledge Management System)、使用專業知識管理軟體、設立知識管理專責部門、任命知識長(CKO, Chief Knowledge Officer),亦或是維持原本的狀態即可?營建業又該如何應對這波知識管理的熱潮? 本文以營建業知識管理之知識分享模型為研究主題,以賽局理論(Game Theory)的觀點,分析、解釋說明組織內不同角色之間的競爭與利害關係。剖析公司與員工的立場與心理。更進一步把分析的結果將知識以分享的角度加以系統化分類。除了以知識分享模型與知識分類架構將上述之知識藏私問題做一釐清之外,更近一步對營建業知識管理之推行與激勵制度訂定時應有的原則與方向提出建議。

並列摘要


Knowledge Management (KM), originated from the resource-based theory in economics, has drawn immense attentions from practitioners and researchers in many industries. Recently, KM has also been applied to construction industry, and there have been many discussions regarding how to implement certain information technologies that may facilitate knowledge accessibility. Surprising, there is few studies that address the most fundamental problem in KM: people may prefer not to share their own knowledge so as to preserve their personal values in the organization. Without the premise of each individual’s willingness to share knowledge, there will no valuable input for the IT system and, thus, no knowledge management at all. Since the sharing of knowledge relates to the competitive and cooperative relationships between each member in an organization, we consider game theory a natural methodology to analyze such knowledge sharing problems. In this paper, a game-theory based model will be developed. This model will explain many problems about knowledge sharing, and effects of the incentives system. And then we will have a classification system of knowledge that evolves from the concept of model. Furthermore, try to provide some propositions for policymakers decide whether or how to promote KM in their own enterprises.

參考文獻


23. 林韋如(1999)。高科技產業知識管理之研究-以百略企業為例。國立臺灣師範大學工業科技教育研究所。
3. Conner, K., C. Prahalad(1996), “A Resource-Based Theory of the Firm:Knowledge versus Opportunism.” Organization Science, Vol.7, No.5, pp.477-501.
4. David M. Kreps(2001), Game Theory and Economic Modeling, Oxford University Press.
5. Eric Rasmusen (1989), Games and information: an introduction to game theory, Blackwell, New York.
6. Grant, R. (1997). The Knowledge-based view of the Firm: Implication for Management Practice. Long Range Planning, Vol. 30, No. 3.

被引用紀錄


張雁涵(2014)。都市更新中私地主與實施者協商過程之賽局分析〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2014.02800

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