論宮澤賢治童話之人性觀表現

本論文是藉由分析宮澤賢治（1896-1933）童話中人物的人性表現，來探討作者的人性觀。在分析宮澤賢治的童話作品之前，首先在第一章將針對他的生涯作概略性的敘述；特別是對他而言最重要的宗教、農業支援活動，以及文學創作三方面做詳細深入的探究。宮澤賢治一生中有兩大重要的轉機，分別是大正十年時他離家遠赴東京一事，以及大正十五年他創立「羅須地人協會」一事。以這兩件大事為分水嶺，可將宮澤賢治的童話作品區分為前、中、後期三期。從第二章開始，便以各時期的童話作品中所呈現的人性表現，例如：競爭心態、傲慢、嫉妒等，為主要探討中心。此外，宮澤賢治對於這些人性表現的想法，以及該想法的變遷等，也是本論文進行時所必須要注意的重點之所在。宮澤賢治的童話作品中時常可見「殺生」與「自我犧牲」兩大主題，因此，本論文也另將重點放於此。宮澤賢治對「殺生」與「自我犧牲」的描寫隨著時期的演變，可看出其中些許的變化。本論文的後半部份便將論述的焦點放在這兩大主題，主要探討這兩大主題在各時期所呈現的內容與特徵，更進一步地針對該主題之間的關聯性進行探討。藉由這兩大主題的探討，便可呈現出宮澤賢治獨特的宗教人性觀，以及他所思考的理想人物像。

關鍵字

法華經；殺生的宿命；自我犧牲；理想人物像

並列摘要

This thesis mainly aims to analyze MIYAZAWA Kenji’s (1896-1933) fairy tale characters and what these have to say about human nature. Before describing his tales, I introduce his biography, in Chapter One, by focusing on three aspects of his life: his religion, agriculture advocacy activities, and literary achievements. The biography also examines two important events which changed his life: First, departing his small hometown to go to Tokyo in the 10th year of Taisyo Period (1921); and second, his role in the establishment of the Rasuchijin Association in the 15th year of Taisyo Period (1926). Chapter Two examines his tales written before his departure for Tokyo, while Chapter Three includes in his tales written after arriving in Tokyo. Chapter Four explores his tales after the establishment of the Rasuchijin Association. In each Chapter I analyze the human characteristics attributable to his fairy tale’s characters such as: truculence, arrogance, jealousy, etc. in his fairy tales. I also explore first, how Miyazawa sees through his characters how animals are eventually destined to death at the hands of humans; and second, I examine how humans sacrifice themselves for the good of each other. These two kind of symbolic elements are common in his fairy tales, and I assess how these changed in relation to the two key events in his life. By studying these symbolic elements, his unique religious conceptions of humanity, as well as his ideals for humanity are shown.