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  • 學位論文

超磁致伸縮材料、層狀壓電壓磁複合材料及磁場動圈式揚聲器動態特性之分析與量測

Analysis and Experimental Measurements on Dynamic Characteristics of Giant Magnetostrictive Material, Layered Piezoelectric/Piezomagnetic Composite Material and Moving Coil Loudspeaker

指導教授 : 馬劍清

摘要


本論文針對超磁致伸縮材料、動圈式揚聲器的面外動態特性以及層狀壓電壓磁複合材料的三維動態特性進行完整的分析與研究。本文首先利用實驗量測與理論解析的方法對超磁致伸縮材料平板的面外動態特性進行研究,針對超磁致伸縮材料平板結構進行各種激振方法的設計;進而結合超磁致伸縮材料平板與壓電陶瓷矩形平板所構成層狀壓電壓磁複合材料進行實驗量測與理論解析的分析,並探討三維振動特性。最後導入各種實驗量測技術,分析不同揚聲器振膜的材料性質對面外動態響應與音壓位準曲線之影響,了解機械振動與聲場的耦合關係與關聯性。 本研究使用多種方法進行超磁致伸縮材料平板、層狀壓電壓磁複合材料與動圈式揚聲器的實驗量測分析,包括全域式的電子斑點干涉術可針對結構的三維共振頻率與模態振形進行即時的全域量測,並可記錄激振電壓作為振動效率的參考依據。雷射都卜勒振動儀則應用動態系統針對超磁致伸縮材料、層狀壓電壓磁複合材料及動圈式揚聲器單點的面外振動進行穩態掃頻量測,可獲得三種待測物的面外振動特性。阻抗分析儀則以壓電材料的電性量測並可對應面內振動的共振頻率及反共振頻率,經由計算得到機電耦合係數,作為壓電壓磁複合材料於各模態的動態效率指標,並由共振頻率結果與電子斑點干涉術的面內共振頻率對應;而紅外線熱像儀可進行全域且即時地量測層狀壓電壓磁複合材料的溫度分佈。超磁致伸縮材料與層狀壓電壓磁複合材料的實驗量測結果皆與理論解析進行比較,在共振頻率與振動模態皆可相互對應。動圈式揚聲器的振動與音場特性在穩態掃頻量測、全域式的點子斑點干涉術和音壓位準曲線亦有很好的一致性,本文的研究成果呈現各種智慧型材料及電聲換能器的面外動態特性,相關的實驗量測與理論解析皆達到不錯的一致性,本文的成果不論在學術研究領域或是工業界的實際應用,提供了超磁致伸縮材料與層狀壓電壓磁複合材料完整的面外及三維振動資訊與優化動圈式揚聲器聲場分析的方法。

並列摘要


The out-of-plane dynamic characteristics of giant magnetostrictive material (GMM) and moving-coil loudspeaker ,and the three-dimensional dynamic characteristics of layered piezoelectric/piezomagnetic composite material are studied and discussed in this article. The result of out-of-plane dynamic characteristics of giant magnetostrictive material is obtained by experiment measurements and theoretical analysis. The investigation of GMM is provided by using the various excition methods. In order to study the out-of-plane and the in-plane vibrating characteristics of layered piezoelectric/piezomagnetic composite material composed of GMM and piezoceramic rectangular plate, both the results for experimental measurement and theoretical calculation are provided and compared. Finally, we use various experiment techniques to analyze the influence of different material properties of diaphragms on the out-of-plane dynamic response and sound pressure level (SPL) curve. The correlation and the coupling of mechanical vibration and acoustic field are investigated. Several experimental methods are used to measure the dynamic characteristics of GMM, layered piezoelectric/piezomagnetic composite material and moving-coil loudspeaker. First, the full-field optical technique, amplitude-fluctuationion electronic speckle pattern interferometry (AF-ESPI), is used to measure simultaneously the resonant frequencies and mode shapes for out-of-plane and in-plane vibration. The excited voltages for different mode shapes is referred to the efficiency of resonant vibration. Second, the point-wise measurement system, laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV), is used to obtain the out-of-plane resonant frequency. Third, the correspondent in-plane resonant frequencies and anti-resonant frequencies are obtained by impedance analysis, and the electromechanical coupling coefficients can be calculated from impedance spectrum to perform the efficiency of resonance mode. Infrared thermography is also full-field optical technique to measure the distribution of temperature field. The results of the experimental measurement of the GMM and the layered piezoelectric/piezomagnetic composite material are compared with the theoretical result. The resonant frequency and mode shape obtained from two methods have good agreement. The vibrating characteristics of moving-coil loudspeakers have good correlation for AF-ESPI and SPL curve.

參考文獻


郭椿億,壓電矩形板動態特性之理論分析及電極設計之影響研究,國立台灣大學機械工程研究所碩士論文,97年7月。
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被引用紀錄


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洪國彭(2016)。導音管風切音及音膜特性的理論分析與實驗量測〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201600627
吳柍蓁(2015)。振膜、導音管及調音布對於揚聲器系統動態特性的影響分析與量測〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2015.01587

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