中國大陸消費性金融公司經營與風險管理之研究探討

在西方，消費性金融公司的發展歷史悠久，並形成了較為成熟的經營模式。但在中國大陸，消費性金融公司還處於早期發展階段。目前，中國大陸還缺乏對消費性金融公司的系統研究，一些理論和經驗尚處於探索之中。08年全球金融危機後，為配合國家擴大內需的宏觀經濟政策，金融機構都把積極發展消費性金融產品作為業務創新的重要方向。中國大陸發展消費性金融公司主要包括消費金融公司，小額貸款公司，融資信託公司。這些新型金融機構既可以轉變經濟增長方式，同時也能更好地提高人民生活水準，完善金融機構體系。因此，在中國大陸發展消費性金融公司前景廣闊，消費性金融公司必須合理選擇適合自身的運營模式輔之以切實有效的金融風險管理方法才能實現可持續發展。本文將對消費性金融公司做較為詳細的介紹，並結合當前中國大陸的經濟形勢，從中國大陸現有消費性金融公司的客戶群與服務範圍，消費方式，發展現狀，發展瓶頸，運營模式以及風險管理方法等方面進行綜合考量和分析。並針對如何加強監管、完善征信體系和實施多樣化利率以及如何管理消費性金融公司市場風險，信用風險，操作風險等幾個方面的風險控制進行闡述。通過借鑒美國及歐盟國家發展消費性金融公司的經驗，結合中國大陸的經濟環境和消費習慣，對如何促進中國大陸消費性金融公司的發展提出相應的對策。

關鍵字

消費性金融公司；消費金融；信用風險；風險管理；評分卡

並列摘要

The development of consumer finance company has had a long history in western countries, and formed a more mature business model than those companies in Mainland China which are still in the early stage. Currently, China still lacks the scientific study of consumer finance company, some theories and experience remains in exploration stage. After the 2008 worldwide financial crisis, financial institutions begin developing consumer financial products as an important innovative direction connected with China’s macro-economic policy to stimulate its domestic demand. China mainly develops consumer finance company, micro - credit company and financing trust company. These institutions will promote China’s economic growth mode transformation while improving living standards for consumers and enriching types of financial institutions in China mainland. Therefore, consumer finance company will have a broad development prospects. It requires tailored business model accompanied by effective risk management methods in order to achieve its sustainable development in China. In this paper, we will give a detailed introduction of consumer finance companies. The paper will analyze all aspects of consumer finance company including customer base, business scope, consumption patterns, development status, development bottlenecks and business models, combining with the current domestic economic situation in Mainland China. Besides, it presents how to enhance supervision, to strength the personal credit construction, and to liberalize interest rates. It also illustrates the methodology of market risk management, credit risk management and operational risk for consumer finance company. Based on China’s national conditions and consumer habits, the paper also proposes effective measures on how to promote the development of China’s consumer finance companies based upon the experience of the United States and the European Union in consumer finance companies.

並列關鍵字

Consumer Finance Company ； Consumer Finance ； Credit Risk ； Risk Management ； Scoring

參考文獻

20. Burns, P. and A. Stanley (2001). Managing Consumer Credit Risk. Discussion Paper, Payment Cards Center.

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25. Heuson, A. J., S. W. Passmore and R. Sparks (2000). Credit Scoring and Mortgage Securitization: Implication for Mortgage Rates and Credit Acailability. Working Paper,12.

26. Maki, D. M. (2000). The Growth of Consumer Credit and the Household Debt Service Burden. Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Federal Reserve Board, 2.

27. Friedman, M. (1987). The Essence of Friedman, Hoover Publication.

國際替代計量

中國大陸消費性金融公司經營與風險管理之研究探討

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