隔膜型紙基底電池之設計製作暨可攜式元件之應用

Design and Fabrication of Paper-based Fluidic Batteries for Portable and Self-Powered Devices

陳崧昇(Sung-Sheng Chen)

指導教授 ： 楊鏡堂

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.02099

摘要

本文結合毛細現象、介面親疏水特性、與電化學電池理念，創新研發毫米尺度之隔膜型紙基底電池，創造出製程簡單、成本低廉、自產能源的紙基底流體元件，可提供可攜式元件之能源，也可控制流體流向進而達成濃縮溶質以及檢測目的。本研究成果之應用實證此理念可使紙流道設計更多元更適合多種生化反應晶片，真正落實紙基底流體系統不須精密儀器和可攜式兩大特色，大幅拓展此領域的應用面。
隔膜型紙基底電池為3-D元件，以蠟印法製作紙流道，並利用摺紙術迅速將紙流道由2-D轉換為3-D。此種電池以隔膜取代鹽橋作為離子交換的介質，大幅降低電池的內電阻，有助提升輸出功率，只需將水滴入即可使用，且輸出電流為鹽橋型的1.5-3.5倍。已開發1-cell、2-cell、4-cell、6-cell以及8-cell串聯電池，並完成5種電池之開路電壓與短路電流測試，最高電壓與電流分別為5.0 V和1.1 mA。本研究亦成功以三顆1-cell串聯電池持續驅動LED九個小時，且開發紙基底之行動電源供應器使紙電池更方便實用。未來可更優化製程，提升電池性能與應用面。電泳實驗應用部分，當電場強度越大濃縮倍率越高(60 V/cm時濃縮倍率為300%)，並最佳化電極分布設計，使電泳元件可有效濃縮流體並控制流向。實驗結果證實紙基底之可攜式自驅動電泳元件以紙電池串聯產生40 V/cm電場，可驅動亞甲基藍水溶液於Y字形流道中沿負極流動且濃縮2.5倍。本研究亦開發“橋梁式紙基底流道閥”、探討不同電性之溶液於毛邊結構之流動情形，未來可應用於多功能的流道設計。
本研究致力探討如何於紙基底流道控制流體流向與濃縮溶質，並設計出可攜式隔膜型紙基底電池提供所需的能源，期待製造出平價且人人都可使用的紙基底元件，達到point-of-care的目標。未來精進紙基底電池性能，便可徹底發揮其成本低、方便攜帶的特色，提供偏遠或開發中地區既便宜又方便的電池。

關鍵字

紙基底元件 ； 電池 ； 毛細現象 ； 電泳 ； 流體控制 ； 重點照護

並列摘要

In this thesis a portable and self-powered paper-based electrophoretic microfluidic device is fabricated to demonstrate the possibility of paper-based devices for inexpensive concentration of chemicals. The device composes of a Y-shaped paper-based channel and membrane-based fluidic batteries, with all the outlines waxed. High-voltage electrophoresis was demonstrated on concentrating methylene blue (MB) solution in the Y-channel; the higher the voltage, the better the concentration effect. Significant concentration result was attained (300%) under only 60 V/cm. The paper-based batteries, which contain Al-Cu galvanic cells with cellophane membranes for ion exchange, were fabricated to provide electric power for the electrophoretic devices. Since the internal resistance of membrane-based fluidic battery is much smaller than that of the salt-bridge-based battery, this design significantly enhances the short circuit current ISC. The current was increased from 300-400 μA (previous literature) to 1100 μA in the current design. The printed 2D channels were readily assembled into a 3D microfluidic structure with our origami design. The open-circuit voltage, VOC, was linearly proportional to the number of cells in series. An assembled battery with four cells in series can keep a LED (>1.8 V) alight for more than 1 hour. A paper-based power bank was also developed to make the batteries more useful and compatible to other devices.
The portable and self-powered paper-based electrophoretic microfluidic devices can be innovated by combining optimized Y-channel and paper-based batteries, which features the great performance of flow controlling and concentration efficiency (250%). This device has great potential in future applications in various biochemical devices, especially for the remote districts or the under-developed regions.

並列關鍵字

paper-based device ； battery ； capillary effect ； electrophoresis ； flow control

參考文獻

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