營建業導入區塊鏈技術之模型初探

近年來，各個領域都在討論著「區塊鏈」的各種應用和突破。許多專家學者拿其與「網際網路」當初發明問世時的狀況作為比擬，更預言「區塊鏈」將做為新一波現代版「工業革命」的關鍵技術。在區塊鏈演進了這近十年後，現正處於產業落地的轉捩點，不管是應用面的創新到技術底層的突破，都將一一寫下新的歷史篇章，十分地令人期待。本篇論文透過研究區塊鏈技術，探討營建產業各種可能的淺在應用場景，在過程中，累積一些經驗與學習，並且透過分析區塊鏈應用的實際案例，得出案例中區塊鏈技術應用的優勢特性，整合出導入區塊鏈技術應用的初步評估因子，能夠幫助決策者初步去評估各種淺在應用場景是否適合導入區塊鏈技術。接著，透過對於文獻中既有的不同的區塊鏈導入模型或決策輔助架構進行重點要素之分析與歸納，並且整合所有的經驗與學習，提出一個泛用型的區塊鏈技術導入之框架，經由逐項檢視，協助決策者釐清技術導入應用發展的疑點。在論文的最後，將營建產業的淺在區塊鏈應用場景示例 (建材溯源) 套入在區塊鏈應用框架中，並展示其區塊鏈相關技術的應用結果(智能合約編寫)。

關鍵字

區塊鏈；應用框架；技術導入；營建產業；建材溯源；智能合約

並列摘要

In recent years, different applications and breakthroughs in the "Blockchain" have been discussed in various fields. Many experts and scholars compared it with the situation when the Internet was first invented, and predicted that the "Blockchain" would be the key technology for a new wave of the modern "industrial revolution." After the Blockchain has evolved for nearly a decade, it is now at the turning point of the industry. Whether it is the innovation of the application surface or the breakthrough of the technology, it will be a new historical chapter, which is very exciting. This paper explores the blockchain technology and explores various possible scenarios of the construction industry. And it studies some cases of the actual application of the blockchain. In the process, it accumulates some experience and characteristics analysis, and presents the preliminary evaluation factors introduced by blockchain technology. These factors can help developers to assess whether the application scenario really needs to apply the advantages of these blockchain applications. Then, through the analysis and induction of different blockchain application models existing in the literature, a general-purpose blockchain technology import framework is proposed, which helps developers to clarify the doubts in technology import through item-by-item inspection. At the end of the paper, the example of the application of the blockchain in the construction industry (building materials traceability) is put in the modal. And the result of it and also the application examples for smart contract writing are displayed.