活性碳結合臭氧對Diclofenac, Acetaminophen and Sulfamethoxazole去除之研究

The Removal of Diclofenac, Acetaminophen and Sulfamethoxazole by Adsorption and Ozonation Processes

萬展志(Chan-Chih Wan)

指導教授 ： 蔣本基

國立臺灣大學/工學院/環境工程學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.10672

摘要

雙氯芬酸鈉、對乙醯氨基酚及磺胺甲噁唑皆是非常廣泛使用的藥物，由於取得途徑簡單與民眾隨意棄置藥物的緣故，歷年來經常在汙水處理廠及自然水體被檢測到且這些藥物的潛在毒性與對人體健康有害的特性，因此已有許多文獻在調查藥物及個人保健用品的處理與分析。
本研究目的在於評估活性碳吸附對雙氯芬酸鈉、對乙醯氨基酚及磺胺甲噁唑去除的影響。建立不同吸附質及不同吸附劑在單一物質溶液中的等溫吸附與動力學方程式，並進一步研究在雙成份與三成份下的吸附是屬於競爭或非競爭吸附且進行實驗值與預測值之比較。最後針對總有機碳的去除率來進行活性碳吸附有無增加預臭氧的比較，並以醛類為預臭氧有毒副產物代表進行吸附比較。針對不同的操作條件，例如：活性碳粒徑、活性碳劑量、活性碳種類及吸附質的初始濃度對本研究中選擇的藥物進行去除影響的調查。
實驗結果顯示當F400的劑量達到100 mg L-1時，對所選擇的藥物均可達到97%以上的去除率，但吸附量也會隨著劑量增加而減少。利用在單一物質溶液中得到的方程式參數得知，所選擇的三種藥物在多物質溶液中皆為競爭吸附。增加預臭氧的吸附程序其總有機碳的去除率明顯優於僅以活性碳吸附的程序。

關鍵字

吸附 ； 雙氯芬酸鈉 ； 對乙醯氨基酚 ； 磺胺甲噁唑 ； 競爭吸附 ； 預臭氧 ； 醛類

並列摘要

Diclofenac (DCF), acetaminophen (ACAP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) are widely used in pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP), and most of PPCP can be obtained conveniently and disposed casually；they had been detected in sewage treatment plants and surface water frequently. Because of their potential toxic and harmful properties for human health, many investigations being focused on the treatability of PPCP.
The objective of this study was to establish the adsorption isotherm and kinetics of selected PPCP onto F400 and HD4000 in single system. The constants of the isotherm and kinetics which were established were used to predict the equilibrium adsorption capacity in the multi-component system. Thirdly, the predictive values were compared with the experimental equilibrium adsorption capacity, and evaluated the goodness of fit of the comparison. Finally, the removal efficiency of TOC by adsorption was compared with that by adsorption with pre-ozonation process. The effect of operating parameters including the adsorbent particle size, adsorbent dosage, adsorbent type, and adsorbate concentration on the removal of target compounds in the adsorption process was investigated. The constants of the isotherm and kinetics which were established under various conditions were used to distinguish between competitive and non-competitive adsorption in multi-component system. The competitive adsorption model was developed operated and predicted the effect by the constants, and the constants were used to correct the non-modified Langmuir model to optimize the fit of experimental data in the multi-component system. Meanwhile, the formation of ozonation by-products was also studied.
The results of the adsorption and ozonation processes were efficient in removing DCF, ACAP, and SMX because of the properties of adsorbent. Decrease of adsorbent particle size enhanced the adsorption capacity, which increase of adsorbent dosage and adsorbate initial concentration increased target compounds removal. However, increase of adsorbent dosage decreased the adsorption capacity. DCF was the dominant compound and ACAP was the recessive compound in binary and tertiary component system. The modified Langmuir model could predict the adsorption capacity much better than non-modified Langmuir model. In addition, the changes of compound structure alter the initial concentration of the aldehyde.

並列關鍵字

Adsorption ； Diclofenac ； Acetaminophen ； Sulfamethoxazole ； Competitive adsorption ； Ozonation ； Aldehyde

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