降雨引致邊坡破壞之數值分析

由於臺灣氣候溼潤多雨，因雨引致之邊坡破壞及土石流等災害發生頻繁，山坡地基於不同地形、地質、土壤等自然條件，在降雨時易發生地滑及崩塌等現象，每每造成人員傷亡或龐大的財務損失。有鑑於此，對於邊坡的穩定性分析實有其必要性。本研究之主體為非飽和土壤邊坡在降雨入滲情形下發生之破壞行為，使用有限元素分析軟體Abaqus進行相關模擬。分析的坡度有20°及30°,採用三種不同的摩擦角(20° 、30° 、40° )及土水特徵曲線(Soil Water Characteristic Curve, SWCC)之上界、下界和平均值，在不同的地下水位面及坡高依不同的邊坡幾何條件、土壤性質及水文條件進行分析，建立土壤基本參數對破壞時的累積雨量的資料，並和行政院農委會水土保持局所公佈之累積雨量警戒值做比較。此外，進一步利用DEM(數值高程模型)得之高程資料及數值分析整理之相關圖表對一實際之目標地點進行初步的警戒雨量值評估。

關鍵字

邊坡破壞；穩定性分析； Abaqus ；土水特徵曲線；累積雨量警戒值；數值高程模型

並列摘要

The weather in Taiwan is humid and the rainfall throughout the year is abundant. Rainfall-induced slope failure and debris flow pose a significant threat to the hillside and mountainous areas in Taiwan. In this research study, behavior of unsaturated slope subjected rainfall infiltration is examined through numerical simulations. More specifically, effects of slope geometry, unsaturated soil properties and hydrological conditions on rainfall-induced slope failure are evaluated. In addition, rainfall amounts that lead to slope failure in the numerical simulations are compared to the critical rainfall amounts published by the Soil and Water Conservation Bureau in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Slope failure ； slope stability analysis ； rainfall ； SWCC ； unsaturated slope

參考文獻

B. Ataie-Ashtiani, S. M. Hassanizadeh and M. A. Celia (2002). Effects of heterogeneities on capillary pressure-saturation-relative permeability relationships, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 56:175-192

K.T. Chang (2012). Introduction to Geographic Information Systems, McGraw-Hill

L. Chen and M.H. Young (2006). Green-Ampt infiltration model for sloping surfaces, Water Resources Research, 42 (7), W07420

S.Y. Cheng (2012). Influence of Matric Suction on Slope Instability of Stratified Laterite Gravel Tableland Induced by Rainfall, Master thesis, National Taiwan University

E.C. Childs and N. Collis-George (1950). The permeability of porous materials, Proc. R. Soc. Lond.A., vol 201, no. 1066, 392-405

國際替代計量

降雨引致邊坡破壞之數值分析

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