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  • 學位論文

台灣不良金融債權處理之研究

A Study on the Solutions to Non-Performing Loans in Taiwan

指導教授 : 謝德宗
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摘要


由於放款在銀行業務中扮演舉足輕重的角色,而不良債權的攀升往往衍生為金融危機,因此不良債權發生的事後處理、移轉和事前預防可謂至關重要。1990年代台灣金融市場條件放寬後,加上時空背景等因素,以致金融機構存放利差縮小、不良債權不斷增加,逾放比率攀高,嚴重影響銀行體質健全,金融危機於焉成形。爾後,政府為加速解決逾放總額過高問題,引進美國金融機構退場機制,藉由存保制度挹注資金,輔以金融重建基金形態幫助台灣問題金融機構退場,同時並透過金融資產管理公司移轉不良債權,強化金融機構體質。本研究除探討台灣存保制度、RTC制度外,同時一併分析與美、日、韓3國彼此制度間異同處並做比較,期望截長補短作為未來可能發生之金融危機時,國家政策發展考量依據。此外,本研究顯示金控旗下轉投資金融資產管理公司成立後,金控公司本身獲利能力和資產品質相關金融指標的確都呈現正向成長,證實AMC施行成效不但有助於銀行消化解決龐大不良債權問題且進一步提升自身盈餘獲利能力。而由總體指標也顯示政府積極處理不良債權所引進RTC和AMC二種制度後,不但有效消化整體金融機構的不良債權,更幫助健全銀行體質。最後,提出強化金融監督管理重要性以作為銀行未來應遵循準則與改進方向,藉此達成穩定金融的政策目標。

並列摘要


A major part of the banking business is lending. A rise in the non-performing loans often lead to the financial crisis. Thus how to deal with and prevent the non-performing loans are crucial issue. After liberalization in the Taiwan financial market in the 1990s, and other factors caused narrowing spread faced by the financial institutions, resulted in an increase in the non-performing loans, seriously affect the financial institutions’ financial stability. Taiwanese government introduced the financial exit mechanism from the United States, by use the Deposit Insurance System and Resolution Trust Corporation to inject funding, and transfer the non-performing loans Asset Management Corporation, in order to strengthen the financial stability. This study discuss Taiwan’s deposit insurance system, and Resolution Trust Corporation, and compared with US, Japan and Korea’s systems. The study shows with asset management corporations, financial holdings’ profitability and asset quality both resulted in positive growth. The RTC and AMC systems introduced by Taiwan government, are effective in dealing with non-performing loans, as shown by the macroeconomic indicators. Finally the study provide for recommendations for the financial regulatory authority, in order to achieve the goal of financial stability.

參考文獻


蔡翼仲 (2012),銀行不良債權回收與資產品質、管理績效及獲利能力間之關聯性,淡江大學國際企業研究所碩士論文。
王文宇 (2000),資產管理公司政策與法制問題研究,台灣金融財務季刊第1輯第2期。
國家發展委員會 (2003),主要國家建立不良金融資產處理機構之經驗及其成效,經濟委託研究報告。
中華經濟研究院,http://www.cier.edu.tw/
施仁惠 (2007),我國問題金融機構退場處理規範相關法律問題研究,政治大學法學院碩士論文。

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