風力發電機傳動齒輪之振動與疲勞可靠度分析

Vibration and Fatigue Reliability Analysis of Gears in Wind Turbine Drivetrains

陳冠霖(Guan-Lin Chen)

指導教授 ： 吳文方

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202000209

摘要

風機傳動系統在風機產電過程中佔有一席之地，該系統中之齒輪箱失效率較其它機械零組件高，為避免齒輪箱失效所造成之供電及財務損失，齒輪箱之可靠度研究相當重要。本研究以現有彰濱地區風速資料針對一風機齒輪箱進行動態模擬，估算齒輪箱內關鍵齒輪根部所受應力，而後藉由雨流計數法及Miner’s原則評估該齒輪每年所受到之疲勞損傷，最後再評估齒輪之疲勞壽命。由於風速具有隨機特性，本研究考慮該隨機特性，所模擬出來之齒輪壽命亦具有隨機性，而為一隨機壽命分布，可據以評估齒輪之可靠度。本研究案例分析所估算出來的風機齒輪中位壽命為16.5年，該齒輪如不經任何維修，在20年風機設計壽命後，其疲勞可靠度由開始使用時之1降至0.4，約有68%之可能性會在25年內失效。在實務上，設備之檢查與維修自然會增加風機齒輪之可靠度。

關鍵字

風機齒輪 ； 風速 ； 動態模擬 ； 疲勞損傷 ； 疲勞可靠度

並列摘要

The drivetrain is an important mechanical part of a wind turbine. In order to prevent failure of the drivetrain, reliability analysis of its gear is very important. This study performs dynamic simulation of the drivetrain system of a wind turbine in consideration of wind data recorded in harbor areas of Chang-Hua. The result is used for identifying the critical gear in the system and finding stress history of the critical gear. With the help of rain-flow cyclic counting method and Miner’s rule, the annual fatigue damage of the gear is estimated. Its fatigue life is estimated as well. Owing to the random nature of wind data, the estimated fatigue life is also random and possesses a certain kind of probability distribution. Reliability is estimated based on the fatigue life distribution. It is found in a case study that, if there are no maintenances, the median fatigue life of the gear is 16.5 years, and its reliability decreases from 1 at the beginning of service to 0.4 at the end of the 20-year design life of the wind turbine. The chance of fatigue failure of the gear in 25 years of operation is 68%. Of course, maintenances will increase the reliability of the gear.

並列關鍵字

wind turbine gear ； wind data ； dynamic simulation ； fatigue damage ； fatigue reliability.

參考文獻

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