社區大學健康教育對民眾基本醫藥知識影響之成效評估

Effects of a National Health Education Program on the General Medication Knowledge of the Public

黃彥銘(Yen-Ming Huang)

指導教授 ： 陳瓊雪 ； 林慧玲

國立臺灣大學/醫學院/臨床藥學研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.01009

摘要

衛生署有鑑於台灣地區一般民眾對用藥安全普遍不足與醫療習慣的不當，藥物使用與健康維護的知識未能有效地傳達給一般民眾，再加上藥師的角色長期未被重視等因素，於民國九十二年起在全國社區大學開辦「社區教育推展藥學知識」課程，希望可以增進民眾基本醫藥知識並加速醫藥分業落實，保障民眾安全用藥。藉由本研究對受試學員基本醫藥知識的評估作為對課程成效的依據，以提供日後相關活動進行的參考。
本研究採用單一群組前後自我比較的設計，分為前測期與正式研究二期獨立進行。利用前測期的結果，評估研究工具的適當性。正式研究收集自民國九十二年九月至九十三年一月間，在各社區大學選修「社區教育推展藥學知識」課程的民眾，經藥師進行為期四個月用藥相關教育授課後，以單一問卷前後測驗的方式，探討學員在課程前後基本醫藥知識上的改變以及影響他們課程學習的因素。
研究期間，共計九百五十五位民眾參與藥師用藥教育的指導。結果發現，接受教育前，教育程度愈高、年齡愈小、女性學員的基本醫藥背景知識比較高；接受教育後，全體學員的基本醫藥知識有顯著增加( p＜0.001 )，而且學員的教育程度是影響他們課前基本醫藥知識和課程學習的最重要因素。
研究結果並證明，藥師是傳遞用藥及醫藥基本知識的專業人選，未來應更努力投入民眾用藥教育的推展，瞭解民眾的需要並充實自己的專業知識與溝通技巧，加強藥師專業形象的建立。
有關當局也應持續進行民眾用藥教育的推廣，並有效整合現有醫療資源，提供民眾健康維護上的完整服務，加速達成整體社會安全用藥與健康維護的目標。

關鍵字

民眾 ； 用藥教育 ； 藥師 ； 社區教育推展藥學知識 ； 社區大學

並列摘要

The lack of health information and the high proportion of inappropriate use of medication by the general public has long been a problem in Taiwan. One of the reasons responsible for the phenomena might be the lack of an active role of pharmacists in large scale health education program. As such, a national program, entitled “Community Education Program on Pharmacy and Medications”, was initiated by the Bureau of Pharmaceutical Affairs, Department of Health in year 2003 to elicit the expertise of pharmacists to educate the public. The goal of the program was to improve the general medication knowledge of the public and to promote the policy of the government to separate the practice of prescribing and dispensing. This research was designed to evaluate the effects of this education program by analyzing the changes in medication knowledge among the participants.
This study was a single group pre- and post-comparison. A preliminary study was completed on a separate study population to evaluate the appropriateness of the data collection tools. The final evaluation of this study included 955 community residents who participated in the education program by taking it as an elective course in community colleges between September 2003 and January 2004. The general medication knowledge of the participants was evaluated before and after the course. Potential factors that might affect the learning outcome of a participant were also explored in this study.
The study results found that the higher education level and younger age were important factors for better general medication knowledge at the baseline. Female also were more aware of drug-related information than males. All participants showed significant improvement in general medication knowledge ( p＜0.001 ) after the program. Education level appeared to be the most important determinant on general medication knowledge at the baseline and on the ability for a participant to improve his/her knowledge.
This study supported the belief that pharmacists can effectively deliver the knowledge of drug usage and general medication to the public. It is therefore suggested that pharmacists be more active in participating in the public education on drug usage and related health information. To advance the professional status in Taiwan, pharmacists should be encouraged to constantly update their own professional knowledge, actively evaluate the needs for health information of their patients and continue to improve the communication skills with their patients.
Meanwhile, since the evaluation results attested the effectiveness of the program, it should continue to be sponsored by the authorities. It is expected that with a long-term commitment from the government agencies and the profession in the program, in the near future, we should be able to observe a reduction in inappropriate use of medication and an improvement in the health of the public in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

pharmacist ； health education ； the public ； community college ； community education program on pharmacy and medica

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