血糖無線量測與自我管理系統之研製

Development of wireless blood glucose meter and diabetes Self-management system

吳耀庭(Yao-Ting Wu)

指導教授 ： 趙福杉

共同指導教授 ： 陳右穎 ； 吳淑媚

國立臺灣大學/工學院/醫學工程學研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2005.10163

摘要

台灣高齡人口的比例越來越高。高齡人口因為老化的關係經常伴隨著許多疾病，尤其是心血管方面的疾病。65歲以上人口患有糖尿病、心臟衰竭（congestive heart failure, CHF）、高血壓、慢性阻塞性肺炎（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD）…等相關慢性疾病的人口逐年增加，其中以糖尿病最危險。糖尿病屬於一種新陳代謝失調，特徵是通常有高血壓、胰島素分泌不足的情形。然而糖尿病可以藉由嚴密的血糖控制大幅降低其併發症的發生情形並增加生活品質。
為了減少有線的不便和介面的價格，本研究目的是發展無線監測技術，能夠長期的監測血糖濃度。最理想目標是能夠開發出重量輕且體積小的居家型無線血糖濃度監測系統，並將監測到的血糖資料提供給遠端醫護人員，使醫謢人員能對病患進行密切的追蹤與治療。
本系統主要有三個部份：第一部分為血糖機，第二部分為無線數據機，第三部份為遠端資料庫伺服器。市面上的血糖機包含了血糖試片和血糖機本身，血糖試片是一種葡萄糖的生物感測器，血糖機是一手持式的電化學分析儀，內含系統晶片並具有串列傳輸的功能。血糖機將量測到的資料傳送到無線數據機。血糖數據機內部包含低耗電量的系統晶片，並整合的射頻收發器與通用非同步收發傳輸器（Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, UART），使其能夠傳送血糖機資料並接收遠端資料庫伺服器的要求。我們也發展了血糖管理軟體，內含資料庫，可將血糖機的資料儲存在資料庫中並加以分析。此軟體可以讓病患知道血糖的變化，而這些資料也可以提供醫生足夠的資訊做適當的治療與追蹤。
未來可以將無線數據機在微小化並整合到血糖機中，此無線監測技術甚至可以擴大運用範圍，例如：可以用來監測生理訊號，觀察心跳、腦部活動、眼球動作或是其他健康照護…等，因此此基礎研究是非常重要的。

關鍵字

糖尿病 ； 無線感測 ； 居家照護 ； 自我管理系統

並列摘要

The population in Taiwan is aging. The vestige of elderly people causes disease, especially a chronic disease. The populations over 65 years old suffer from diabetes, congestive heart failure (CHF), hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increasing year by year. The diabetes is most serious over than others. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose and either insufficient or ineffective insulin. Blood glucose measurement is crucial to diabetes control, and it is effective in reducing the risk of complications and improving life quality.
In order to reduce cabling and interfacing costs, the aim of this study is to develop wireless sensor technology that can be used for monitoring glucose levels long term. The ultimate goal is to demonstrate the use of lightweight wireless monitoring systems for home glucose measurement, and provide remote caregivers with complete patient information for diagnosis and tracking.
There are three primary system components: self-monitoring blood glucose meter, wireless modem, and remote database server. A commercial blood glucose meter includes the glucose strips and the glucose meter. The strip is a glucose biosensor and the meter is a microprocessor based hand-held electrochemical analyzer and with series interface for data transmission. Following measuring blood glucose, test results are transferred to wireless modem via cable connection. The wireless modem consists of low-power components including a microcontroller with integrated RF transceiver, Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) interface, and power circuitry. It provided one wireless channel to transmit data from the blood glucose meter and receive command from remote database server. We also developed one diabetes-management software based on database. This data can be downloaded onto a computer and stored in a database for glucose tendency analysis. It is helpful to patients to understand the level changes of blood glucose. Also, glucose trend report can provide doctor enough information for diagnosing and treatment.
In future, focus of the study will be in miniaturizing and integrating wireless function into the blood glucose meter. Furthermore, wireless sensor technology could be utilized widely, for example, in developing hands free user interfaces for monitoring human physiological response (functioning of the human heart, brain activity, eye movements), in other health care monitoring, and it would also significantly facilitate in doing basic research.

並列關鍵字

diabetes ； wireless sensor ； health care ； self-management system

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