兩岸產品出口美日市場之競爭變化－以分工指數、市場佔有率與市場依存度分析

The Competitional Change of the Exportation of Cross-Strait Products to the Markets of United States and Japan: an Analysis of the Index of the Division of Labor, Market Share, and Market Dependency

彭詩婷(Shih-Ting Peng)

指導教授 ： 郭建中

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/國家發展研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.10245

摘要

在經濟全球化的現今，許多投資和貿易總是處在不斷動態調整的趨勢中，而台灣過去從對美國出口市場的依賴，現在轉由向中國大陸出口來取代，也就是從過去自日本進口-台灣製造-出口美國，轉變為從日本進口-台灣接單-大陸生產-出口美國的生產鏈重組，此一現象形成的原因與台商赴大陸投資有密切的相關，但其結果，雖然使得台灣產業升級、促進台灣經濟發展，但卻也造成兩岸出口產品在美日市場的重疊性日益增加，導致兩岸產品的競爭情況更加激烈。
本文以競爭力指數、市場佔有率以及市場依存度三項指標來逐一分析兩岸產品在美日市場的競爭變化，並以肯德爾和諧係數的統計分析來檢視指標間的判定結果是否具有一致性。研究發現，台灣產品不管在美國或是在日本市場，都有被中國大陸取代或是排擠的現象。值得注意的是，由於台商赴大陸投資的情況已不似以往，投資的規模、地區都不斷地擴大，投資結構也從過去傳統產業升級為電子製造業，因此中國大陸出口主力的產品中，電子、機械產品類的比重增加，與台灣主力產品發生重疊性的項目也日益增加，而這些重疊性的商品，將會是決定兩岸產品競爭力的重要關鍵。在美日市場上，已經有部分台灣的電機設備與機械零件產品，其競爭力已經被中國大陸趕上，此為我國政府與企業未來首當留意之課題。

關鍵字

經濟全球化 ； 競爭力指數 ； 市場佔有率 ； 市場依存度 ； 肯德爾和諧係數

並列摘要

In the process of economic globalization nowadays, many investments and trade bussinesses are unceasingly on the wave of dynamic adjustment. Therefore, in this wave, what we can see is a the transformation of Taiwan from the dependency on the exportation of American market to the dependency on the exportation of the China market, that is to say the phenomenon of importing from Japan-producing in Taiwan-exporting to the United States in the past has already changed to the phenomenon of importing from Japan- receiving order in Taiwan-producing in mainland China-exporting to the United States—a kind of reconstituion of producing line. This kind of phenomenon not only have a close connection with the investments of Taiwanese bussinessmen in the mainland China, hence improving the upgrading of the industry and the economic developmet, but also caused the the increase of the overlapping phenomenon of Taiwan and mainland’s products in the United States and Japanese markets, lead to the drastic competition of cross-strait products.

This thesis will analyze the competitonal change of cross-strait products in the markets of Japan and United States according to their competitive index, market share, and market dependency. In addition, it will apply the statistical analysis of the Kendall coefficient of concordance to survey the unity of the results among indexes. In this survey, we discover not only in the market of the United States, but also in Japanese market, Taiwanese products are replaced and edged out by the products of mainland China. Noteworthily, due to the decrease of the investment of Taiwanese bussinessmen in China, the increase of the scale and the area of investment, and the transformation of the structure of the investment(from traditional industry to the electronic industry), what we can discover is the increase of the percentage of the electronical and mechanical products in the main products China exported to Japan and the United States as well as the growth of the overlapping phenomenon of mainland and Taiwanese products in the markets of Japan and the United States; and this kind of overlapping products will be the key to determine the competitiveness of cross-strait products in the world. In the market of Japan and the United States, we can see the competitiveness of some components and products of electrical and mechanical apparatuses are already catched up by the overlapping products of mainland China, our government and enterprises should beware of this important issue.

並列關鍵字

economic globalization ； competitive index ； market share ； market dependency ； Kendall coefficient of concordance

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