隧道結構在地震波傳下之反應

Wave propagation of earthquake on underground tunnels

林冠中(Kuan-Chung Lin)

指導教授 ： 楊永斌

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.02265

摘要

台灣位處於活躍的環太平洋地震帶上，近年來地震活動頻繁。隨著都市人口增加，地面交通日趨擁塞，現有的大眾運輸工具已不敷使用，因此能提供快速且便捷之捷運系統，成為各大城市主要交通運輸工具之首選，然而，由於都市土地價值高，大部分之捷運路線皆採地下隧道方式興建。捷運系統所載運之人數眾多，如果發生任何意外，將會造成嚴重的人員傷亡。有鑑於此，本文之目的即希望能藉由有效之數值分析方法，針對地下隧道受地震力作用之影響作深入的探討。

本研究根據Yang et al.(1996)提出的有限和無限元素混合模式分析法，與Zhao和 Valliappan (1993)提出之地震力輸入方式，分析地震力作用下，隧道與土壤互制之行為，並與前人之研究作比較。此外，Hwang 和 Lysmer(1981)考慮波傳特性，探討地震傳遞速度對隧道之影響，本文則依據Yang 和 Hung(2001)發展出的2.5D分析方法，以及吾人建議之土壤參數修正準則，模擬隧道受移動之地震力所產生的反應。除此之外，並進一步探討土壤、隧道之幾何和材料參數，對隧道反應產生之影響。

關鍵字

2.5D有限元素與無限元素混合分析法 ； 地震力 ； 地下隧道 ； 傳遞速度 ； 頻率域分析 ； 半無限域 ； 土壤參數修正

並列摘要

Taiwan is an island located on the Circum-Pacific Seismic Belt, which is exposed to frequently earthquakes each year. On the other hand, for their instant and convenient characteristics, mass rapid transit (MRT) systems have become one of major transportation tools in metropolitan areas to relieve the problem with traffic congestion caused by increasingly large population. Most MRT lines have been built as underground tunnels as the urban lands available for construction have become too expensive to acquire. Due to the fact that a MRT train is composed of a large number of carriages in its daily operation, should there occur a major earthquake, it may cause damages on the underground tunnels and railways, and result in tremendous casualties. To this end, the purpose of the thesis is to investigate the impact of earthquake effects on the underground tunnel structures using effective numerical simulation methods.

The purpose of this study is to simulate the soil-tunnel interaction system subjected to earthquakes using the coupled finite/infinite element approach proposed by Yang et al. (1996), with the earthquake excitations simulated by the technique proposed by Zhao and Valliappan (1993). The results obtained will be compared with those available in the literature. In addition, Hwang and Lysmer (1981) first studied the wave-transmitting element to evaluate the effect of the tunnel to traveling seismic waves. With the 2.5D finite/infinite element method proposed by Yang and Hung (2001) and the amended soil parameters proposed herein, the dynamic response of tunnel structures subjected to transmitting seismic waves will be studied. Besides, parameters studies will be conducted to examine the impact of various geometric and material parameters on the tunnel response.

並列關鍵字

traveling seismic waves ； earthquake ； frequency-domain analysis ； half-space ； infinite element ； 2.5D method ； amended soil parameters ； underground tunnel ； wave-transmitting element

參考文獻

陳冠宏 (2010)，“列車考慮軌道隨機粗糙度所引致之地表振動”，國立台灣大學土木工程研究所碩士論文。

高任璋 (2009)，“地下捷運引致之地表振動”，國立台灣大學土木工程研究所碩士論文。

鄭凱文 (2012)，“隧道受地震和移動列車載重之動力反應”，國立台灣大學土木工程研究所碩士論文。

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