- 學位論文
吳爾芙《戴洛維夫人》與愛特伍《可吃的女人》中的吃與性別政治
Eating and Gender Politics in Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway and Margaret Atwood’s The Edible Woman
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摘要
飲食在維吉尼亞・吳爾芙與瑪格麗特・愛特伍的作品中佔有舉足輕重的地位。兩位二十世紀重要的女作家皆將飲食隱喻成社會與個人的中介，並藉由書寫飲食疾患(eating disorders)來批判當代社會所建構所謂健康、符合性別觀感的身體印象，進而審問均衡體態以及健身等主流價值如何規訓當代人對於身體的感知。藉由檢視吳爾芙及愛特伍小說裡的飲食政治，本篇論文旨在揭露當代性別權力關係以及審視飲食疾患者能否成功透過飲食抵制性別壓迫。本篇論文採跨領域研究手法，融精神分析、社會學、女性主義論述為一家，透過前述各家對於口腔期、飲食與身體體態，以及飲食、體態如何影響人格養成和反映社會秩序等論述為理論框架，進而探究吳爾芙《戴洛維夫人》與愛特伍《可吃的女人》中的飲食與性別政治。論文探討飲食政治如何反映性別身體社會化、常規化的過程；另一方面也討論飲食疾患(eating disorders)能否視為一種的顛覆父權的有效手段，同時揭露飲食疾患者在此一過程中可能面對的潛在危險。除了採伊蕊格萊式觀點將病態的身體看作富政治性、具抗議正面意義的文本閱讀，本篇論文進一步檢視飲食疾患者在抗議的同時將自己陷於自我毀滅、進退維谷的窘境。透過比較兩本小說中不同的飲食策略以及兩位作者對於社會階級及父權剝削的批判，本篇論文試圖進一步提出一套飲食之道，以利書中角色於一次大戰後的倫敦及六〇年代的加拿大消費社會中得以生存。
並列摘要
Food and eating are essential elements in works of Virginia Woolf and Margaret Atwood, two significant female writers of the twentieth century. Both utilize eating disorders to intervene in the discursive construction of a healthy gendered body and to problematize the mainstream values of body proportions and body management. By delving into eating politics in Woolf’s and Atwood’s novels, this thesis addresses the problematics of gender and sees if eating or not eating serves as effective bodily resistance to sexist oppression. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach including psychoanalytic, sociologist, and feminist accounts of orality, eating and body, and their relation to self-formation and social order, this thesis investigates how one’s eating politics reflects social normalization of a gendered body and explores the potential and pitfalls of eating disorders as a means of self-empowerment in Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway and Margaret Atwood’s The Edible Woman. In addition to an Irigarayian reading of the political meaning in bodily textuality, the thesis addresses the double bind between self-assertion and self-destruction seen on disorderly eaters. Through comparing diverse eating politics and the respective critiques of social hierarchy and patriarchal commodification in postwar London and in Canadian consumer society in the 1960s, the thesis further attempts to envision a survival agenda in Mrs. Dalloway and The Edible Woman.
參考文獻
Works Cited
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