- 學位論文
邊界的書寫：中國作家的反叛
Writing Across Boundaries: The Revolt of Chinese Writers
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摘要
本論文以深度報導型式，透過中國文字工作者之著作與生命歷程，了解其在當代中國社會與文學環境下，如何通過獨立思考與具主體性的文字創作、從不同主題與面向切入，試圖勾勒出中國作家面對的書寫邊界以及突圍策略。同時，為求深入理解作家身處時代背景，以及創作當時的社會與文學環境，亦結合採訪及文獻資料，爬梳中國當代文學之發展脈絡、反叛文學等相關概念。 以此為前提，本深度報導以中國作家為主要採訪對象，聚焦於具有主體性、衝突性與獨立思考精神的「邊界書寫」創作者，了解今日中國文字工作者在面對中國此一紛雜的大環境，如何以文字作為出路，對自己、對社會產生互動與影響。在報導章節上，首先由海外流亡作家故事切入，以創作者的角度，勾勒中國文字工作者的創作心情與書寫脈絡，從中探究並且歸納中國作家們所關照的議題；同時以鉅觀角度，討論中國文學在時代變遷下的改變。 在第二章，本報導試圖由中國書籍出版及審查制度切入，具體勾勒中國作家所面臨的審查機制。筆者透過與出版編輯的訪談，了解當代中國官方對文學創作的看法，在限制與開放之間，是以什麼樣的態度拿捏？模糊的邊界限制在哪裡？ 接著，本報導以不同作家的故事，分別描述以社會現實、民族宗教、歷史紀錄為題材的作家群像，並從中了解他們的創作語境，以及在此之中作家們的心路歷程與突圍策略。 最後，本報導則在爬梳不同作家故事與處境之後，針對前述創作語境與壓力限制做出總結。事實上，創作者所面對的邊界限制，並非單純的政治力量，而是包括商業力量與組織力量的多元控管機制。本報導將在第六章，具體將此多元控管機制描述整理，並再次總結本報導受訪對象，描述其書寫策略與因應態度。
並列摘要
Via the works and life history of Chinese writers, this paper discusses how they penetrate from different themes and aspects through independent thinking and the subjective literature creation under the contemporary Chinese society and literary environment in an in-depth reporting form, to outline the writing borders and breakthrough strategies which Chinese writers will face is another main target. Meanwhile, in order to have an in-depth understanding of the writer’s living historical background, as well as the creation of the social and literary environment, the interviews and documentary are combined in this paper in order to organize the related concepts of Chinese contemporary literature, such as development process and rebel literature. On this basis, Chinese writers are the main interview subjects in this in-depth report, "boundary writing" creators with subjective, conflicting and the spirit of independent thinking are the focal points; to understand how the current Chinese writers use writing as their outlet and create interaction and impact to themselves and the current society while they are in such a complex environment. In the reporting chapter, we will first penetrate with the story by the writers in exile and outline the creative mood and writing process of Chinese writers via the perspective of creators. we will explore and summarize the issues which Chinese writers are concerned about from the above-mentioned. Meanwhile, the changes of Chinese literature in changing times with macroscopic point of view will be further discussed. In Chapter Two, this report attempts to penetrate by the system of Chinese book publishing and censorship and specifically outlines the review mechanism which Chinese writers are encountering. The author tries to understand the views on literary creation from contemporary Chinese official through interviews with the publishing editors. What kind of right attitude should they have between the borderline of restriction and openness? Where is the blurred boundary limits? Then, this report will describe the images of writers who take the social reality, ethnic and religious, historical records as the themes with stories of different writers, and to understand their creative context as well as their psychological journey and breakout strategies within their works. Finally, this report will make a conclusion on the aforesaid creation context and pressure limits after penetrating the stories and situations of different writers. In fact, the border restrictions that creators encounter are not simply the political force, but also the multi-control mechanism, such as commercial power and organizational strength. This report will specifically describe and organize this multi-control mechanism in Chapter Six and summarize the interviewees of this report again in order to describe their writing strategies and coping attitude.
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