- 學位論文
以社會資本觀點探討營造廠與其分包商之交易治理架構
The Social Capital View of the Transactional Governance Structure Between the Construction Firms and their Subcontractors
摘要
隨着營建業的發展，營建業面對前所未有的挑戰，如何建立起強大的施工團隊以滿足業主的需求已是營造廠商的一大課題。我們認為工程的成敗除了取決於主包商的協調能力以及分包商的專業技術能力以外，更重要的是主包商與分包商之間的合作關係。主包商與分包商之間除了需要建立起認同感、互惠性、信任、規範與義務外，更需要透過機會、動機、資源能力以滿足工程上各種不同的特性，才能顯示出社會關係的價值，而這種價值就是社會資本。 本研究先透過研讀社會資本理論與營建業相關文獻，輔以業界相關人士之經驗交流，繼而以Alder & Kwon之社會資本價值創造模型去詮釋營建業之生態並探討總包商與其分包商如何產生其合作價值。研究最後部分採取質性研究個案，選取台灣四家不同業務特性且具規模營造廠商，以驗證總包商社會資本之價值創造是否與社會資本價值創造模型之部分內容相吻合，並探討在怎樣的情況下社會資本能發揮比較大的合作價值。 實證研究發現，總包商與分包商均願意維持長期良好的合作關係，並且有助克服工程上各種的風險，在研究中更發現： 1. 社會資本的價值主要體現在施工配合上，在施工配合的層面上總包商需要和分包商建立起信任與互惠性關係； 2. 在價格層面上長期合作的關係並不一定能帶來成本效益，而在施工配合層面上長期合作的關係能有助迴避和克服工程上的風險； 3. 在材料供給或機具租賃層面上，以市場機制接觸不同的分包商能有助取得最新的資訊；而在施工配合層面上長期合作的關係比較有助於活用分包商的資源能力； 4. 在現今台灣公共工程的環境下社會資本的價值十分有限，而在民間工程的環境下能比較能發揮社會資本的價值。
並列摘要
As construction engineering develops, construction industry is now facing unprecedented challenges. How to build up a strong team to meet the needs of the owners has become a major issue to General Contractor. We believe that the coordination capacity of General Contractor and technical skill sets of the Sub-Contractors is not the only key to the success of a construction work, but more so the relationship between General Contractor and Sub-Contractors. The General Contractor and Sub-Contractors have to build up the sense of identity, reciprocity, trust, norms, obligations, and through opportunities, motivations, abilities, meet different demands in different aspects of construction. And this brings out the value of social relationship. This value is called social capital. First, we study the literature of social capital theory and construction outsourcing, together with some practical experience from experts in related aspects. After that we interpret the contingencies of construction industry by the use of Alder’s & Kwon’s Social Capital Conceptual Model, and explore how the value of co-operation is produced between General Contractor and Sub-Contractors. Finally, to qualitatively validate the Social Capital Conceptual Model, we choose four sizeable Taiwanese General Contractor companies which are majored in different aspects. We would find out the situation that is best for using social capital to create value of co-operation. Our empirical studies have shown that both General Contractor and Sub-Contractors are willing to maintain long-term relations so as to overcome the risks arise from practical construction. We also make several conclusions in the study: 1. The social capital is mostly reflected in the aspect of practical construction. At this stage General Contractor needs to build up trust and reciprocity with Sub-Contractors. 2. In the aspect of pricing, long-term relationship may not have significant impact in cost-effectiveness. But in the aspect of coordinating practical construction, trust and reciprocity between the General Contractor and the Sub-Contractors are very useful in avoiding or overcoming risks. 3. In the aspect of acquiring material and equipment, the General Contractor may obtain lots of more-updated information from different Sub-contractors by the use of market mechanism. And in the aspect of coordinating practical construction long-term relationship is useful in integrating resources of Sub-Contractors. 4. In the context of today's public constructions in Taiwan, the value of social capital is very limited. Meanwhile, social capital is much more influential in the context of private constructions in Taiwan.