後人類傳介：文·溫德斯紀錄片的科技動能

Posthuman Mediations: Technological Being in Wim Wenders’s Documentaries

郭寶婷(Baoting Guo)

指導教授 ： 廖朝陽

國立臺灣大學/文學院/外國語文學研究所/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201701030

摘要

在現代主義到後現代主義的進程中，科技經歷了巨大變革。為尋找電影中的科技邏輯，學者們常常以科幻題材電影作為藍本，而找到的時常是誇大的、硬科幻的未來科技呈現。本論文試圖突破這種方法，以後人類的觀點重訪德國導演文·溫德斯的紀錄片，將紀錄片視作系統網絡，從而在紀錄片中尋找當代科技邏輯的脈絡。
本文視後人類主義為一種廣義的哲學視角，認為後人類主義不侷限於探討人與非人關係、人類未來、賽博格等議題，而是一種重視抽象信息流動模式大於物質實體、視身體為原始增能輔助、指向世界潛能與虛位性的哲學思維。以後人類主義作為一種視角，可以幫助我們在紀錄片中接近科技的本質。
本文通過三個章節用後人類的觀點分析文·溫德斯三部紀錄片，探討科技邏輯的三個面向：第一章探討致敬小津安二郎的紀錄片《尋找小津》中，導演在東京旅行時拍攝的隨機場景元素有其自主動能，形成有機動態網絡，在複雜系統模式的運作下，構成小津的虛位主體性；第二章討論紀錄片《皮娜·鮑許》對強調臨場感的舞蹈表演進行虛擬實境化數位製作，點出數位媒體增強傳介經驗，並透過體觸在虛擬劇場中投射身體運動；第三章將探討《城市時裝速記》中數位科技帶來的社會效應，帶出控制社會架構以及其背後悖論的討論。最後，本文將總結從紀錄片中分析出的當代科技邏輯，並為學術語境提供文學與科學研究中後人類觀點作為方法論的可能性。

關鍵字

文·溫德斯 ； 紀錄片 ； 後人類 ； 新媒體 ； 科技邏輯 ； 文學與科學

並列摘要

From modernity to postmodernity, logic of technology has undergone dramatic change. Traditional cinema studies often search for such logic in science-fiction films, where technology is usually represented as an exaggerated image. Seeing documentary as a network system, the current study uses a posthumanist view as a lens through which to look at documentaries made by Wim Wenders in search for contemporary logic of technology.
This study takes the posthumanist view as a philosophical stand which points to a tendency to stress the informational pattern over material instantiation, which thinks of the body as the original prosthesis, and regards the world as being virtual with multiplicities. This study seeks to shed light on three aspects of technology through three documentary films by Wenders. Firstly, through Tokyo-Ga (1985), this study looks at distributed agency and automated actors in the distributed network. Secondly, in the documentary is Pina (2011), I investigate new media techniques and the mediated experience. Finally, through Notebook on Cities and Clothes (1989), this study discusses posthuman social issues namely control society and the paradox of control. By the end, I conclude the study by reflecting on the logic of technology and the posthumanist view as methodology in literary studies.

並列關鍵字

Wim Wenders ； Documentary ； the Posthuman ； New Media ； Logic of Technology ； Literature and Science

參考文獻

Liao, Chaoyang. “Disabilities, the Cybernetic Body, and Global Risk: Posthuman Representation in Kung Fu Hustle.” Chung Wai Literary Quaterly, 36-1 (2007): 19-66. Print.

Aston, Judith, and Sandra Gaudenzi. “Interactive Documentary: Setting the Field.” Studies in Documentary Film 6.2 (2012): 125-39. Print.

Badmington, Neil. “Theorizing Posthumanism.” Cultural Critique 53 (2003): 10-27. Print.

Beniger, James R. The Control Revolution: Technological and Economic Origins of Information Society. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1986. Print.

Blau, Herbert. The Eye of Prey: Subversions of the Postmodern. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1987. Print.