感測、控制與通訊技術應用於現代化雞舍管理之研究

Integration of monitoring, control and communication technology for the management of modern chicken house

周志遠(Chih-Yuan Chou)

指導教授 ： 方煒

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/生物產業機電工程學研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2005.01319

摘要

本研究旨在建立現代化雞舍適用的近端與遠端監控系統，監測方面以單晶片型分散式模組進行包含溫度、濕度、二氧化碳濃度等環境因子的量測與資料對電腦的通訊；控制方面首先使用可程式邏輯控制器進行現場近端控制，配合適當的策略控制風扇、水簾、燈光、餵飼等設備的運作與建立蛋雞舍產蛋計數系統。其次結合現場個人電腦與遠端伺服器，後者提供資料庫功能將資料即時的以網頁方式分享，讓管理者或其他使用者可在遠端透過網路監控場內的狀況達到無遠弗屆全時監控的目的。
本研究成功的建構出這套監控系統，並在開發的過程中發現並解決了一些實際上現場管理的問題，譬如應用自製的多工器只使用一組類比輸入通道可量測多組溫度感測器訊號，降低系統成本；改善風扇控制策略允許輪流啟動與自動輪換，平均分配風機運轉時間，降低故障發生機率；建構雞隻自動秤重系統，允許對飼料利用率的調查；偵測啟動的風扇是否有在運轉，偵測電熱設備是否正常運作，允許故障的提早偵測與故障排除；允許利用手機進行遠端監控，免除管理者必須全時待在管理現場的不便等。後者係應用GSM通訊技術，當現場發生錯誤狀況時，可利用簡訊方式將狀況以錯誤訊息方式告知不在場的管理者到場處理，亦可允許管理者撥電話查問現場狀況。

關鍵字

雞舍 ； 管理 ； 感測 ； 控制 ； 通訊

並列摘要

The goal of this study is to develop a monitoring and control system for the management of modern chicken houses providing local and remote control capability. Distribute single chip modules were used for the monitoring of environmental factors such as indoor/outdoor temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration as well as for the communication from sensors to on-site personal computer (PC). Programmable logical controller (PLC) was used for the local monitoring and control of fans, pad, lighting, feeding device and counting of eggs produced. PC was used as the human-machine interface (HMI) and the connection to the remote sensor, which allows manager and other users to see/review real-time/historical on-site data through web pages.
During the development of this system, several most disturbing operational problems to the on-site manager were identified and solved. The approaches are as follow:
1. Using self-developed multiplexer to connect 8 PT100 temperature sensors using only 1 analog channel to reduce system cost.
2. Improving control strategy of fans allowing alternated turn on and take turns in operation to minimize the power-on current and evenly distribute the operation hours of all fans, thus reducing the probability of break down of power system and fans.
3. Developing automatic weighing system for individual chicken making the investigation on feed conversion ratio possible.
4. Detecting the improper operation of fans and heating devices.
5. Developing remote monitoring and control to reduce manager from tied on-site 24 hours a day.

並列關鍵字

chicken ； managemant ； monitoring ； control ； communication

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