感知無線電之多通道媒體接取協定設計與分析

Design and Analysis of Multichannel Media Access Control Protocols for Cognitive Radios

黃柏堯(Po-Yao Huang)

指導教授 ： 陳光禎

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/電信工程學研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.02365

摘要

感知無線電技術被認為是改善整體頻譜及通道使用效率的一個令人期待的方法，特別是主要系統只具有相對較低的頻譜或通道使用效率。在使用這些通道的時，感知無線電之媒體接取層為一多通道環境。在無線行動隨意網路中，現有的多通道媒體接取協定已引起廣泛的討論，然而，因其設計與分析上的簡單性，以阿羅哈為基礎的媒體接取協定仍為現有研究討論的重點。在感知無線電中，多通道媒體接取協定面臨了新的挑戰，感知無線電必須要避開與主要系統碰撞的機會。另一個方面，感知無線電的感知能力、偵測能力、學習能力甚至合作能力，開啟了讓感知無線電適應多元環境的新的可能。在此論文中，我們使用馬克夫鍊的模型建構了一個可以廣泛描述感知無線電之媒體接取的模型，我們的研究擴展並補足了現有研究的不足。在此論文中提出了一個感知多通道媒體接取協定，利用頻譜偵測、認知學習、調整適應，感知無線電可以動態地調整使用頻譜的機率。此外，我們提出了一個穩定態分析，提供更多對於媒體接取的直觀觀察。模擬的結果與我們模組的分析及穩定態近似證明了其正確信；並且證明了較現有協定有更佳的表現。

關鍵字

感知無線電 ； 多通道媒體接取 ； 載波檢測多路存取 ； 穩定 ； 最佳化

並列摘要

Cognitive Radio (CR) has been considered as a promising technology to enhance spectrum/channel efficiency while primary systems (PSs) are with relatively low utilization. To utilize the media, the inherent characteristic of CR MAC is a multichannel environment. Conventional multichannel MAC protocols have been widely considered in ad hoc networks. However, ALOHA-based protocols are widely studied and analyzed in current research for their simplicities in design and analysis. In this thesis, a general multichannel MAC framework is proposed to extend and compensate current research. We introduce cognition capability for intelligent channel access including channel selection and contention resolution/avoidance into multichannel MAC for CRs. Via facilitating sensing and adaptation for stabilization and channel selection, the proposed multichannel MAC protocol can further be optimized. Numerical result and simulation validate our analysis for both Markov chain and steady-state analysis. Also, the proposed protocols suggest improvement well over existing solutions. The main contribution of this research is to provide a general view of multichannel MAC and provides sophisticated MAC solutions for CRs which opens a pioneering field in design and analysis of multichannel MAC.

並列關鍵字

Cognitive Radio ； Multichannel MAC ； CSMA ； Stabilization ； Optimization

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