立法院對國家通訊傳播委員會(NCC)監督之研究

The Research on the Supervision of the National Communications Commission (NCC) under the Legislative Yuan

王全忠(Wang Chuan-Chong)

指導教授 ： 邱榮舉

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/國家發展研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.10732

摘要

台灣在2000年及2004年總統選舉結果，均由民主進步黨之候選人陳水扁當選，但同時期之立法院卻是以國民黨為首之在野黨居於多數；因此執掌行政權的總統，與職司監督制衡的國會多數黨，分屬不同政黨，以致政局呈現「朝小野大」之分立政府局面。
在陳水扁執政期間，民進黨政府持續推動政府改造，推動制定《中央行政機關組織基準法》及《國家通訊傳播委會組織法》的立法工作，而此二法律因為攸關中央機關之組織調整及通訊與傳播產業之管理，事關重大，在野黨亟欲掌握制定主導權。
因此朝野政黨雖均認為有設置獨立機關之必要，但是執政的民進黨在「行政一體」、「責任政治」之指引下，認為獨立機關仍是層級式行政機關中的一環，行政院可以對其指揮監督，而在野黨的國民黨則基於「民主原則」、「權力分立」，以獨立機關既屬法律創設之獨立機關，應受國會及全民之監督，因此在上開二法立法過程中，雙方角力激烈，以致爭議不斷。
本研究以新制度主義為研究途徑，以文獻分析法、歷史分析法及比較分析法為研究方法，取法美國、法國、德國等國之國會對其獨立機關監督之制度，並從立法過程中之爭議分析在朝小野大之情形下，各種立法要義之政治背景，以比較分析立法院監督國家通訊傳播委員會之依據、範圍及方法等，並進而就現行制度提出改進建議。

關鍵字

分立政府 ； 獨立機關 ； 民主原則 ； 行政一體 ； 責任政治 ； 權力分立

並列摘要

Of presidential election results for Taiwan in year 2000 and 2004, it was the candidate Chen Shui-bian, of behalf of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), elected for both terms, yet it was MPs led by Kuomintang (KMT) from the opposition that had taken up the majority at the Legislative Yuan at the tenure. Therefore, the president in charge of the executive power and the majority of the parliament in charge of check and balance were affiliated to different parties. As such, it had displayed the scenario of divided government as “minority government and majority opposition.”
During the period of Chen administration, DDP government continued to pursue government restructuring, and facilitated the legislation works of the “Basic Code Governing Central Administrative Agencies Organizations” and the “National Communications Commission Organization Act.” Since these two laws will greatly determine the adjustment of central government organization and the management of telecommunication and broadcast industry, it was the reason that the opposition would take over the leading initiative eagerly.
Therefore, though both the ruling and opposition agreed that it is necessary to establish the independent agency, the ruling DPP advocated that the independent agency should remain as a link within the hierarchical administration as under the guidance “administration integration” and “responsible politics,” so that the Executive Yuan can exercise command and supervision upon it. Nonetheless, the opposition KMT believed that since the independent agency is established as an independent agency by law, it should, according to “principle of democracy” and “separation of powers”, be supervised by the parliament and the general public. Consequently, the legislative process of above-mentioned two laws had been exposed to serious tugging and wrestling, ending up with incessant controversies.
This study has resorted to the new institutionalism as its approach of study, and employed literature analysis, historical analysis, and comparative analysis as its methodology, followed examples of the US, France, Germany and other countries’ parliament works along the system to conduct supervision over independent agency. Besides, it analyzed those political backgrounds of various legislative significances among disputes of legislative processes under the scenario of minority government and majority opposition, so that it can compare and analyze the basis, scope, and method of supervision over the NCC under the Legislative Yuan and further put forth suggestions in view of the current system.

並列關鍵字

divided government ； independent agency ； principle of democracy ； administration integration ； responsible politics ； separation of powers

參考文獻

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