高齡慢性病患者的情緒覺知與其因應的關係初探

The Relationship between Emotional Awareness and Coping in Elder Chronic Disease Patients

黃承瑾(Cheng-Chin Huang)

指導教授 ： 吳英璋

國立臺灣大學/理學院/心理學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.02335

摘要

情緒是包含多重系統狀態變化的短期反應，具有協助個體生存調適之功能，而過去許多研究都發現個體的焦慮情緒反應會對其因應策略選擇與執行造成影響。據此觀點，本研究嘗試探討焦慮情緒功能對高齡慢性病患者的疾病因應策略與調適結果的影響。根據學者對情緒功能的看法，本研究聚焦於焦慮情緒生理反應與主觀覺知，主張若個體的情緒生理反應與主觀覺知兩種指標間的反應傾向不一致，反映的可能是個體在情緒功能上的失調，這可能造成個體無法選用及有效率地執行較符合自身狀況及情境要求的因應策略，進而影響其整體生活品質及疾病調適狀況。基於上述假設，本研究從台北地區老人安養機構以及社區中召募到35名慢性疾病患者作為受試者，以自陳式量表針對受試者之因應策略、生活品質、身心症狀進行評量，並使用後向遮蔽程序呈現彩色照片引發受試者的焦慮情緒，同時測量其客觀生理反應的變化，並接著測量主觀情緒覺知。研究結果發現：（1）透過後向遮蔽程序呈現與疾病及健康相關之威脅圖片，能夠引發慢性病患者的焦慮情緒反應；（2）各組受試者的焦慮情緒生理反應與主觀覺知兩種指標間的反應傾向均不一致；（3）不同的指標反應組型與不同之因應策略和疾病調適結果有關。根據研究結果，本研究主張高齡慢性病患者焦慮情緒反應的不同成分在疾病調適上可能具有不同的功能。

關鍵字

慢性病 ； 焦慮 ； 情緒生理反應 ； 情緒主觀覺知 ； 因應策略

並列摘要

Emotion is a short-term response which contains multiple systems, and provides adaptive function for individual to survive. For example, researches have suggested that anxiety emotional response may influence individual’s choice and execution of coping strategies. According to the functional view of emotion, the present study attempts to explore the influence of dysfunction of anxious emotion on coping in elder chronic disease patients. More specifically, this study investigated the relationship between incoherence of “anxiety physiological response and emotional awareness”, coping strategy and adaptation outcomes. The study proposed that lack of coherence between physiological and subjective aspects of emotional responses might reflect dysfunction of emotion, which may impede individual to choose and execute adaptive coping strategies, thereby affecting the overall quality of life and disease adaptation condition. Based on the above assumptions, 35 subjects with chronic diseases recruited from eldercare facilities and the community in Taipei City. Each subject completed self-report questionnaires of coping strategies, quality of life, and psychosomatic symptoms. Color pictures were presented by backward masking procedure for triggering anxious emotion while his/her objective physiological changes were measured and followed by immediate assessment of subjective emotional awareness. The results revealed that: (1) Threatening images related to diseases and health presented by backward masking procedures can trigger anxious emotion in patients with chronic disease; (2) Subjects in each group all showed the incoherence between physiological and subjective aspects of emotional responses; (3) Different patterns of emotional response related to different coping strategies and disease adaptation outcomes. Based on these findings, the study suggested that different components of anxious emotion may have different functions for disease adjustment in elderly patients with chronic disease.

並列關鍵字

Chronic disease ； Anxiety ； Physiological response of emotion ； Emotional awareness ； Coping strategy

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