鉭金屬產業發展趨勢與企業技術創新策略之個案研究

當今世界，隨著科技革命迅猛發展，技術創新已成為企業生存和發展的命脈。研究戰略金屬行業的技術創新策略與發展問題，是中國新材料製造、尤其是戰略金屬產業發展的迫切需要。本研究以鉭金屬產業為例，從全球的鉭資源儲量和消費水準，以及因科技快速發展對鉭金屬產品的未來需求著手，透過PEST環境分析、五力模型分析等架構進行研究，剖析目前該行業的全球發展環境、發展佈局中的優劣勢。選擇並採取適當的整體產業技術創新策略，讓鉭資源沿著良性方向發展。同時通過研究發現，中國鉭金屬產業存在著“兩頭在外”、缺乏核心技術、缺乏定價能力，行業集中度低、資源保障不足、技術裝備水準低、能耗效率低、環保壓力大、自主創新力不夠等系列深層次問題。因此，建議中國鉭金屬產業可以從優化產業佈局、全鏈條創新設計、加強全產業鏈協同創新、完善鉭金屬的總體戰略框架這四個方面，來優化與升級鉭金屬產業治理。在此框架下，本研究以個案研究方法針對個案公司的技術創新歷程，進行深度的研究，從而提出鉭金屬產業與企業未來發展的建議。本研究發現：全球鉭金屬產業經濟增長動力由要素驅動將轉變為創新驅動；中國經濟仍處於大有可為的重要戰略機遇期，擴大內需潛力巨大，中國鉭金屬產業作為戰略性金屬產業，國家戰略應予以高度重視；鉭金屬工業的調整、發展，必須要有國際視野，加速海外佈局；應在鉭金屬采、選、冶及相關新材料領域，形成一批國際國內領先、具有自主知識產權的核心技術，為鉭金屬產業的更新換代及升級發展奠定堅實基礎。希望政府能夠為鉭金屬企業搭建一個溝通與合作的平臺，提供更好的資訊諮詢服務，為實現中國夢而增磚添瓦。

關鍵字

鉭金屬；產業結構；技術創新；商業模式

並列摘要

Along with the rapid development of science and technology, innovation has become the lifeblood of enterprise. Research on strategic metals industry and its innovation strategy and development has been a critical issue for China. The present thesis research tackle the issue of development of tantalum metal industry. We first evaluate the global tantalum resource reserves and consumption level, and the future demand of the tantalum metal products. Then, we undertake the PEST analysis and five-force model analysis to understand the global environment, sources of competitive advantages and disadvantages. By selecting appropriate innovation strategy, the tantalum industry has been gone through a well-developed route in the past. However, we also found that there are problems exists in Chinese tantalum metal industry, such as inferior industry structure, lack of core technology, lack of pricing power, low industry concentration, inadequate protection of the strategic resources, low technology and equipment level, low energy efficiency and environmental pressure, the insufficient research capacities, etc.. This research pinpoint that Chinese tantalum metal industry shall upgrade the industry from the following four aspects: to optimize the industrial configuration, re-structure the whole value chain, strengthen the collaborative innovation model in the whole industry, improve the overall strategic policy of the tantalum metal. Next, based on such overall understanding on the whole industry, we conduct an in-depth case study to explore future strategies of tantalum metal industries and companies. We found that the future industry growth will be driven by innovation, rather than by resource endowment. China shall capture increasing domestic demand by putting strategic emphasis on the industry development. The industry policy shall possess international viewpoint and initiate global configuration. In addition, China shall organize a group of technology leading companies, backed up with strong intellectual property rights, along the value chain, from mining, dressing and smelting and related areas of new materials, to compete in the global arena. We also suggest that government shall build a open platform for communication and cooperation for tantalum metal companies in order to achieve China dream by joint efforts.