自主分散式最大功率追蹤之太陽能發電系統研製

Development of an Autonomous Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking PV System

陳昆宏(Kun-Hung Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳耀銘

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.02402

摘要

本論文提出一組自主分散式最大功率追蹤之太陽能發電系統。此系統屬於兩級式電路架構，系統前級為多組串聯之四開關升降壓型轉換器(Four-Switch Buck-Boost Converter, FSBBC)，搭配本論文所提出之模式轉換機制，可使轉換器於三種操作模式間達成平穩轉換並且維持最大功率追蹤的功能。系統後級為一組單相市電併聯換流器，利用雙極性正弦脈波寬度調變搭配直流鏈電壓控制達成輸出電流與輸入電壓控制。此外，本論文針對此系統提出一個可行之無通訊啟動與保護機制，結合此方式，將每一組FSBBC與其所連接之太陽能板合稱為一個自主式太陽能模組(Autonomous PV Module, APVM)。為了有效分析APVM之動態表現與穩定度，本論文接著推導及分析其小訊號模型。同時，為了有效壓制市電端帶來之120Hz電壓擾動，本論文提出將比例積分諧振(Proportion-Integral-Resonant, PIR)補償器應用於轉換器電壓控制迴路中。最後，以模擬與實驗結果來驗證本論文所研製之自主分散式太陽能發電系統的特性與功能。

關鍵字

分散式最大功率追蹤 ； 四開關升降壓型轉換器 ； 平穩轉換 ； 市電併聯換流器 ； 無通訊啟動與保護機制 ； 自主式太陽能模組 ； PIR補償器

並列摘要

An autonomous distributed maximum power point tracking (DMPPT) photovoltaic (PV) system is proposed in this thesis. The proposed DMPPT PV system is a two-stage circuit topology, which consists of a set of series-connected micro-converters and a single-phase grid-tied inverter. The four-switch buck-boost converter (FSBBC) with three operation modes and a smooth transition method is adopted to realize the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function for each PV module. The single-phase grid-tied inverter with bipolar sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) control and ac line current regulation are utilized to control the inverter output current and input voltage. Besides, the autonomous start-up and protection procedures are well-developed for the success of the system operation. The small-signal ac model is derived to analyze the dynamic behavior and the stability of the autonoumous PV module (APVM) which consists of a PV module and a FSBBC. Moreover, the proportion-integral-resonant (PIR) compensator is developed to compensate the 120Hz ripple voltage from the ac mains and to achieve better MPPT performances. Finally, computer simulations and hardware experimental results are presented to verify the performances of the propoed DMPPT PV system.

並列關鍵字

DMPPT ； FSBBC ； smooth transition ； grid-tied inverter ； autonomous start-up and protection strategy ； APVM ； PIR compensator

參考文獻

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