鈣鈦礦有機混合型太陽能電池之二維模擬分析與優化

Analysis and Optimization of PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM Hybrid Solar Cells in Two Dimension Simulation

謝育晉(Yu-Chin Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 吳育任

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/光電工程學研究所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201900187

摘要

現今，環境議題被高度重視，綠能發電是必然的趨勢。其中太陽能電池效率是綠能發電中最高的，更是被人們有所期待。而鈣鈦礦太陽能電池在短短九年效率就大幅成長，從2009年3.8%到2018年23.3%。本論文探討PEDOT:PSS/CH3NH3PbI3(MAPbI3)/PCBM太陽能電池。利用結構的改變與材料的厚度，進而提升效率達到超過20%。

在本論文中，我們利用二維有限差分時域法(2D-FDTD)來模擬光場，由光場得知材料的吸收光子分布，以改善太陽能結構。另外，藉由二維漂移-擴散電荷求解器(2D-DDCC)來模擬太陽能電池的電場，以得到各個電流密度-電壓圖與能帶圖，進而驅除電子與電動傳遞時的阻礙。

研究結果顯示，在元件頂部呈現凸起形狀可增加光在太陽能電池中的聚光效果。因而增加吸光材料的吸收來產生更高效率的太陽能電池。並且隨著改變凸起形狀的曲線高度與模擬模型週期邊界內的寬度，聚光位置的深淺隨著改變，藉而得到最佳的聚光位置和最佳效率的太陽能電池。

關鍵字

鈣態礦 ； 太陽能電池 ； 有機材料 ； 富勒烯衍生物 ； 數值模擬

並列摘要

Nowadays, the environmental issues are gradually becomes a major issues in our society where the pollution caused by fossil energy or nuclear energies are no longer accepted by our society. Thus, developing the green energy source becomes our future trends. Among green energy sources, solar cells has highest potential to becomes one major energy source in the near future. In the thesis, we will work on Perovskite based solar cells. Perovskite solar cells are rapidly developed in nine years. The efficiency of Perovskite solar cells has increased from 3.8% in 2009 to 23.3% in 2018. PEDOT:PSS/CH3NH3PbI3(MAPbI3)/PCBM has been studied in the thesis.

In thesis, we simulated optical field by calculating in 2D Finite-Difference Time-Domain method (2D-FDTD). From optical field, we can analyze the distribution of generation rate and improve structure and thickness of device. Moreover, we simulated electric field by 2D drift-diffusion charge control solver (2D-DDCC).

Studies shows that with an appropriate curve shape at surface of the thin film can improving light trapping, which is like the effect of convex lens. As changing amplitude of curve shape and period length, light trapping in the thin film changes. From improving structure, we can make the light to be full absorbed in the active layer of the solar cell to optimize the efficiency. By adjusting appropriate curve shape on surface of the thin film and period length, efficiency increases from 18.94% to 21.56%. If MAPbI3 lifetime is 1000 ns, efficiency even approaches 23.71%.

並列關鍵字

Perovskite ； MAPbI3 ； PEDOT:PSS ； PCBM ； solar cell ； simulation

參考文獻

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