市售軟性飲料對於人類恆齒牙釉質表面之酸蝕影響:體外實驗

Erosive Effect of Soft Drinks on Permanent Human Enamel Surface: an in Vitro Study

莊岳樵(Yueh-Chiao Chuang)

指導教授 ： 林俊彬

國立臺灣大學/牙醫專業學院/臨床牙醫學研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2010.02772

摘要

目的
大多數的軟性飲料都是酸性的，飲用這些飲料可能會導致牙齒的酸蝕。本實驗的目的為利用體外實驗的方式來比較各種不同軟性飲料的酸蝕潛力。

材料與方法
本實驗使用四種台灣市面上可購得之軟性飲料。每種飲料皆會測量其初始pH值，可滴定酸度與鈣、磷酸根與氟離子含量來判斷酸蝕潛力。總計40片人類牙釉質樣本浸入各組飲料中各20分、1小時與3小時。之後使用雷射共焦掃描顯微鏡來觀測牙釉質酸蝕表面圖像與牙釉質喪失量。

結果
各組軟性飲料的pH值介於 2.42至3.46之間，而可滴定酸度則介於13.88至35.95 ml之0.1 M氫氧化鈉溶液。各飲料的離子含量中，鈣離子濃度介於5.69至75.94 ppm，磷酸根離子濃度介於2.88至 522.47 ppm，氟離子濃度介於0.10至 0.18 ppm之間。而浸入各種飲料3小時所造成之牙釉質喪失量介於7.28 至 34.07 μm之間。

結論
本實驗中所使用之軟性飲料皆會使人類恆齒牙釉質產生程度不一之酸蝕影響。其中含有高濃度鈣磷比例的飲料具有顯著較低的酸蝕潛力，而具有低pH值與高緩衝能力的飲料之酸蝕潛力則較高。而軟性飲料的酸蝕潛力需參考各種化學性質來判斷，包括酸的種類、pH值、可滴定酸度、鈣、磷酸根與氟離子濃度等等。

關鍵字

牙齒酸蝕 ； 軟性飲料 ； 牙釉質 ； 雷射共焦掃描顯微鏡

並列摘要

Objectives
Most soft drinks are acidic in nature and exposure to these drinks may result in enamel erosion. The aim of this study was to compare the erosive potential of different soft drinks in the laboratory.

Materials and methods
Four commercially available soft drinks in Taiwan were included. The erosive potential of each product was assessed by measuring its initial pH, titratable acidity, calcium, phosphate and fluoride content. Forty human permanent enamel samples were immersed in 100ml of the drinks for 20min, 1h and 3h. Erosive surface images and enamel loss in vitro were acquired after exposure by laser confocal scanning microscope.

Results
The initial pH of the soft drinks ranged from 2.42 to 3.46 with their titratable acidity ranging from 13.88 to 35.95 ml of 0.1 M NaOH. The ion concentration of the beverages ranged between 5.69 and 75.94 ppm for calcium, between 2.88 and 522.47 ppm for phosphate, and between 0.10 and 0.18 for fluoride. The amount of enamel loss following 3h immersion in the drinks ranges from 7.28 to 34.07 μm.

Conclusion
All of the soft drinks were found to be erosive. Drinks of high calcium and phosphate content may have a significant lower erosive potential. Drinks of low pH and high titratable acidity may have a higher erosive potential. The erosive potential should be predicted based on the type of acids, initial pH, titratable acidity and ion concentration.

並列關鍵字

Dental erosion ； Soft drinks ； Enamel ； Laser confocal scanning microscope

參考文獻

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