- 學位論文
DSSAT模式結合網格化土壤資訊預測水稻產量之可行性評估
Assessment of Feasibility to Combine DSSAT Model and Gridded Soil Information for Rice Yield Prediction
摘要
臺灣擁有豐富且多元的土壤生成因子，因而孕育出多樣化的土壤。土壤影響作物根系水分及養分的吸收，在農業生產上扮演舉足輕重的角色。過去已進行諸多土壤調查工作，以臺灣農地生產面向會考量的因子為目標，在臺灣各地進行詳盡的調查。其中1979年調查完成的詳測土壤圖包含屬性資料以及座標資料，其多應用於特定位置的土壤性質評估，較少以大規模方式使用。另外，在了解土壤因子對於作物生產影響的研究上，我們通常使用作物模式進行評估。藉由調整作物栽培參數，包含作物品種、氣候條件、土壤以及栽培管理策略等，可以模擬作物真實生長情形。本研究使用DSSAT模式進行研究。在過去的DSSAT模擬研究中，土壤參數通常予以忽略，並不會依據真實的土壤性質選擇土壤參數，主因是臺灣並沒有類似資源提供模式模擬者使用。前人的研究，鮮少將作物模式及土壤調查資源結合利用的案例。本研究將這兩項有力的工具結合，將詳測土壤圖內的土壤質地資料，進行含水量參數與土壤質地間的轉換，再透過等面積二次平滑樣條函數對參數進行估計，使之成為符合GlobalSoilMap六層標準土壤剖面的數位土壤資訊，將詳測土壤圖資轉換為網格資料，產製涵蓋全臺農業用地之土壤檔，命名為DH.SOL。與文獻資料相比，使用本土壤檔進行的全臺灣以及桃園地區模擬產量之敏感度分析，顯示使用本研究土壤檔的模擬結果對於產量較敏感，意即更能區別土壤差異，提高土壤因素影響模擬的精準度。本研究產製之土壤檔，為臺灣第一個符合在地土壤條件的DSSAT土壤檔，未來不論是大規模的作物生產模擬，或是評估氣候變遷的因應策略，皆可應用本研究之成果，獲得更好的模擬成效。
並列摘要
Taiwan has abundant soil-generating factors, which have formed diverse soils, especially playing a key component in agricultural production. With the efforts of the research institutions, many soil surveys have been carried out. Taiwan detailed soil map, which was completed in 1979, contains attribute data and coordinate data. It particularly focused on the factors that had been considered essential to agricultural production. Detailed investigations had been carried out in various parts of Taiwan. In the past, Taiwan detailed soil map was mostly used to assess soil properties in a specific location and was rarely used in large-scale research. We usually use crop models to evaluate the impact of soil factors in crop production. DSSAT model is one of them, and we used it in our research. By adjusting the relevant cultivation parameters, including crop varieties, climatic conditions, soil and cultivation management strategies, it can simulate the crop growth. In past studies, soil parameters were usually ignored, and soil parameters were not selected based on real soil properties due to the lack of well-formatted digital soil information. In the past research, there were few cases of combining crop models and soil survey resources. This study combined these two powerful tools to evaluate the effect of soil textures in crop models. We converted soil textures to water content parameters, and then estimated the parameters through the equal area quadratic smoothing spline function. The Taiwan detailed soil map was further transformed to digital soil information that met the six-layer standard soil profile of the GlobalSoilMap project, and converted into gridded data. The final data was named DH.SOL. We used sensitivity analysis to compare the simulation results with literature data. The results showed that the simulation using the soil file of this study was more sensitive to rice yield, which meant that it could distinguish the differences between soils and improve the accuracy of soil factors that affected the simulation. The soil file produced in this research is the first DSSAT soil file in Taiwan that conformed to local soil conditions. In the future, whether it is large-scale crop production simulations or evaluation of climate change response strategies, the results of this research can be used to obtain simulation results better reflecting the real scenarios.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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