- 學位論文
Podocalyxin於貓乳腺腫瘤之表現及其作為良惡性腫瘤生物標記之探討
The Expression and Malignancy Prediction of Podocalyxin as a Biomarker in Feline Mammary Gland Tumors
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摘要
乳腺腫瘤在貓是一種常見的腫瘤，貓隻一旦患有乳腺腫瘤，其惡性的機會遠高於良性，容易轉移至淋巴結及體內其他的臟器，預後多不佳。許多的預後指標及生物標記，透過統計學的分析其與乳腺腫瘤的預後的相關性，以期能輔助診斷腫瘤預後。1980年代末期Podocalyxin被從大鼠的腎絲球體內皮細胞分離出來，並被認為具有抗細胞黏附的功能，Podocalyxin的存在會使得細胞較不容易與周邊的細胞及基底膜黏附。本研究的目的在於了解Podocalyxin在貓乳腺腫瘤中的表現，並分析其與組織病理學上的關聯性。本實驗回溯收集了32個貓乳腺腫瘤的外科切除之病材進行病歷資料分析、Podocalyxin及PCNA抗原之免疫組織化學染色，最後以統計學的方法分析其表現的結果。結果顯示32貓乳腺腫瘤病例的平均診斷年齡為9.7 ± 2.87（mean ± SD）歲，品種方面以短毛家貓（domestic short hair, DSH）最多（53.1%, 17/32），波斯貓（Persian）次之（21.8%, 7/32）。腫瘤的良惡性比為1:3，惡性腫瘤當中以tubulopapillary carcinoma，共計14例為最多。免疫組織化學染色結果首次證實Podocalyxin確實存在貓這種（species）動物的絲球體、血管內皮以及部分的骨骼肌當中，在乳腺腫瘤的部分亦會有陽性的訊號出現；在惡性乳腺腫瘤細胞上、轉移至周邊淋巴結的腫瘤細胞及侵犯至血管淋巴管的腫瘤細胞有較強的陽性訊號，其表現在統計學上顯著地高於在正常乳腺及良性增生乳腺的表現（p < 0.05）；在良性腫瘤的表現亦顯著地高於在正常乳腺的表現（p < 0.05）。PCNA的免疫組織化學染色結果顯示其在良性及惡性的腫瘤的表現上並沒有顯著的差異（p > 0.05）。依結果推斷，Podocalyxin在貓的乳腺腫瘤的惡性化及轉移似乎具有功能性的相關，具有潛力成為一個評估預後的生物標記。
並列摘要
Mammary gland tumors (MGTs) are frequently encounted neoplasm in cats, and its ratio of malignancy is higher, so easy metastases cause poor prognosis. Many prognostic factors and biomarkers are studied and reported to assist the pathology diagnosis and prognosis. Podocalyxin was isolated in 1980’s from glomerular epithelium (podocyte) in rats, and is considered a function “anti-adhesion”. The function of anti-adhesion makes cells separate with each other and basement membrane. The objective of this study is to study the expression and malignancy prediction of Podocalyxin in feline mammary gland tumors. Thirty-two feline MGTs cases were retrospectively collected for basic information analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of Podocalyxin and PCNA. The mean age of MGT affected cats was 9.7 year-old, and the first and second predisposing breed were Domestic Short Hair (DSH) (53.1%, 17/32) and Persian (21.8%, 7/32). The ratio of benign tumors and malignant tumors was 1:3. The result of IHC for Podocalyxin showed significant difference between malignant/metastastic neoplastic cells to normal/ hyperplastic cells (p < 0.05). The expression of Podocalyxin also had significant difference between hyperplastic/benign and normal cells. The expression for PCNA showed no significant difference between benignancy and malignancy. Based on the result, it is hypothesized that the expression of Podocalyxin is correlated to the malignance and metastasis, and Podocalyxin has a potential to be a prognostic biomarker in feline mammary gland tumors.
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