多輸入多輸出單載波頻域等化器系統之量測與通道估測

數十年來，由於正交分頻多工技術具有低複雜度、抵抗多重路徑衰減通道及有效使用頻譜，正交分頻多工系統成為最廣為關注的系統技術。然而，此技術對同步的誤差十分敏感，以及容易出現高的峰值平均功率比。近年來，新興的單載波區塊傳輸技術引人注目，成為正交分頻多工技術的互補技術。有了頻域等化器技術的幫助，結合單載波區塊傳輸與頻域等化器技術之單載波頻域等化器系統具有與正交分頻多工系統相似的效能及低複雜度。與正交分頻多工系統相比，單載波頻域等化器系統可減少峰值平均功率比及對載波頻率偏移的敏度。此外，當通道響應出現一時的下降時，單載波頻域等化器能開拓通道的頻率分集，而正交分頻多工系統錯過所有的頻率分集。考慮不同的傳送分集技術，空時區塊碼及空頻區塊碼，我們介紹了結合空時區塊碼與單載波頻域等化器的系統及結合空頻區塊碼與單載波頻域等化器的系統。再者，我們提出一個平均最大比例結合方法來改善在頻率選擇性衰減通道影響下的空頻區塊碼單載波頻域等化器系統的位元錯誤率。單載波頻域等化器技術被IEEE 802.16d標準採納為其中一種傳輸技術，以應用於寬頻無線都會網路系統。本篇論文的主題，是針對在IEEE 802.16d標準底下，基於單載波頻域等化器系統所定義的物層，討論其同步與通道估測的方法。此外在實際環境下，我們建立了一個基於多輸入多輸出單載波頻域等化器技術的量測系統。

關鍵字

單載波；頻域等化器；同步；通道估測；空時區塊碼；空頻區塊碼；多輸入多輸出

並列摘要

In the past decade, OFDM technique has gained more attention because of its low complexity, robustness against frequency selective fading channels and efficient spectrum utilization. However, it is highly sensitive to synchronization errors and may suffer from high PAPR. Recently, the single-carrier block transmission is emerging as an attractive complementary scheme to OFDM. With the help of frequency domain equalization (FDE) techniques, the single-carrier block transmission with FDE (SCFDE) has similar performance, efficiently and low complexity advantages as OFDM. Compared to OFDM, SCFDE has reduced PAPR and sensitivity to carrier frequency offset. In addition, SCFDE exploits the frequency diversity in the channel whereas uncoded OFDM system loses all frequency diversity when the channel is in deep fade. Considering different transmit diversity schemes based on STBC and SFBC, the STBC-based SCFDE system and SFBC-based SCFDE system was introduced. In addition, an averaging MRC method was proposed to improve the BER performance of the SFBC-based SCFDE system under the frequency selective fading channel. The SCFDE technique has been adopted as one of the air interfaces in the IEEE standard 802.16d (fixed WiMAX) for broadband WirelessMAN system. The synchronization and channel estimation issues of the SCFDE systems based on WirelessMAN-SCa physical layer specification in 802.16d are the main themes of this thesis. Besides, a measurement system for MIMO-SCFDE based on WirelessMAN-SCa specification is established in real-time environment.

並列關鍵字

Single Carrier frequency domain equalization (SCFDE) ； synchronization ； channel estimation ； WirelessMAN-SCa ； STBC ； SFBC ； MIMO

參考文獻

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[3]. H. Sari, G. Karam, and I. Jeanclaude, “Frequency-Domain Equalization of Mobile Radio and Terrestrial Broadcast Channels,” in Proc. GLOBECOM ’94, San Francisco, CA, pp. 1–5, Nov.–Dec. 1994.

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[5]. D. Falconer, S. L. Ariyavisitakul, A. Benyamin-Seeyar, B. Edison, “Frequency Domain Equalization for Single-Carrier Broadband Wireless Systems”, IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 40, pp. 58–66, Apr. 2002.

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多輸入多輸出單載波頻域等化器系統之量測與通道估測

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