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  • 學位論文

異參茚并苯噻吩與聚合物之薄膜形貌及應用至太陽能電池之研究

Film Studies on the Morphology and Photovoltaic Applications of Isotruxene-Derived Oligothiophenes and Their Polymers

指導教授 : 楊吉水
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摘要


由於能源危機,太陽能電池為目前研究的主要趨勢,而太陽能電池的光電轉換效率主要與主動層之表面型態有極大的關係,當表面型態具有電荷傳導的通道,則可以增加光電轉換效率,因此在本研究中,我們合成出一系列異參茚并苯之噻吩衍生物ITTn (n=1-4) 單體,其具有二維共軛特性,期望能藉由分子間的π-π相互作用力,堆疊出一具有電洞傳導通道的表面型態。 但由於ITTn (n=1-4) 無烷基取代,所以為了避免溶解度的問題,因此利用化學方式氧化而得寡聚物 (oligo-ITTn (n=1-4));而其poly-ITTn (n=1-4) 則是利用電化學方法直接在ITO玻璃和ITO/ PEDOT:PSS上行電聚合沉積。 本研究以下列四種主動層做為比較, (a) 將單體ITTn (n=1-4) 與碳六十衍生物 (Phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester,PC61BM) 以旋轉塗佈法製得主動層; (b) 利用電化學方法製poly-ITTn (n=1-4),再以旋轉塗佈的方式加入PC61BM; (c)單體ITTn (n=1-4) 與PC61BM以電化學聚合方法製得主動層; (d)以化學聚合合成的oligo-ITTn (n=1-4)與PC61BM以旋轉塗佈法製得主動層。 將上述四種主動層製成太陽能電池裝置,並在模擬太陽光 (AM1.5G、100 mW/cm2) 下,單體ITTn (n=1-4) 中,因為ITT4/ PC61BM (重量比= 1:2)的吸收範圍涵蓋可見區域較多,其效率最高(0.98 %) ,較以利用電化學聚合所得主動層來得優異,其為薄膜之表面型態由起始成核速率控制,造成電荷無法有效傳遞出去,使得效率只有0.005 %。而藉由化學氧化合成的oligo-ITTn (n=1-4)作為太陽能電池的主動層之電子予體,由於在可見光區域之吸收強度增強,光電轉換效率提升至1.66 % (oligo- ITT2/ITT2 (含量比=1:2))。

並列摘要


The morphology of the active layer in Organic Photovoltaic devices (OPVs) is an important factor in determining power conversion efficiency (PCE). Isotruxene is an ideal rigid and two-dimensional π conjugated core for constructing frameworks with continuous charge transfer pathway through intermolecular π- π interaction. We’ve synthesized a series of star-shaped isotruxene-oligothiophenes systems (ITTn (n=1-4)) and its oligomers (oligo-ITTn (n=1-4)) as electron-donors in OPVs. The corresponding with poly-ITTn (n=1-4) prepared via electropolymerization on ITO electrodes and also prepared in the presence of PC61BM . Under illustration with solar simulator (AM1.5G、100 mW/cm2), the PCE of ITT4/ PC61BM (wt. ratio: 1/2) is the best in all of the ITTn (n=1-4)/ PC61BM devices , because its absorption is more red-shifted than others. In contrast, the performance of the electro-deposited films is poor as a result of low FF (Fill factor) and PCE (0.0005 %). Beside, the performaces of active layers built by oligo-ITTn (n=1-4)/ PC61BM are superior, particular in the case of oligo- ITT2/ITT2 (1:2), because of a larger conjugation length and better intermolecular π-π interactions and PCE (1.66 %).

參考文獻


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