應用特徵模態法推估隧道襯砌受力暨結構診斷平台開發

Application of Characteristic Modes in Evaluating Internal Forces in Tunnel Lining and Development of Structural Diagnostic Platform

洪仲孝(Chung-Hsiao Hung)

指導教授 ： 王泰典

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202201675

摘要

過去數十年來，國內外眾多營運中隧道已產生許多襯砌異狀，說明了這些隧道的結構行為正逐漸演化。基於隧道自設計、施工至營運維護的全生命週期管理觀點，襯砌異狀的可能肇因還有待更深入的研究，以利隧道維護補強作業規劃與營運安全。近年來已有許多分析營運中隧道變位的研究，這些研究多半探討兩次監測期間內隧道的變位行為與異狀之間的關聯性，然而目前營運中隧道異狀與襯砌受力之間的關係仍有待釐清，因此本研究欲發展一套新興的方法以推估這些變位引致的襯砌受力狀況。
本研究提出一套由二維特徵變位模態推算襯砌內力增量的方法，將隧道變位拆解為變位模態的線性組合後再透過疊加原理計算相應的襯砌內力增量。此外將二維變位模態推廣至三維，並透過耦合有限差分法和離散元素法探討其對應的裂縫型態，同時選定一案例隧道，運用量測的隧道剖面變位資料分析其特徵變位模態組合、對應的襯砌內力增量、裂縫於三維空間中的分布狀況。最後應用M3C2演算法對不同時期隧道點雲資料進行差異分析，能有效地呈現兩監測期間內，隧道的整體變位情形。
透過本研究開發的結構診斷平台，使用者能夠整合各種資訊，將不同時期隧道的實景模型及分析結果進行三維視覺化展示，有助於評估營運中隧道的結構安全狀況與健全度。

關鍵字

營運中隧道 ； 特徵模態 ； 有限差分法－離散元素法耦合分析 ； 點雲 ； 三維視覺化

並列摘要

In recent decades, many lining anomalies and defects are found in operational tunnels at home and abroad, showing that the structural behavior of these tunnels may have gradually changed. Based on the perspective of life-cycle design and maintenance of tunnels, the possible causes of lining anomalies should be investigated to find the proper way of repairing them. Contemporary studies for analyzing operational tunnels mainly focus on their displacements between two monitoring periods, this study aims to propose a method that can estimate the internal force increments in the tunnel lining due to these displacements.
In this research, an innovative method for analyzing displacements and increments of internal forces in operational tunnels is proposed. One can decompose tunnel displacements into several eigenmodes and calculate the internal force increments in the lining by the superposition principle. Besides, a three-dimensional coupled FDM-DEM approach is used to investigate the crack patterns associated with each characteristic displacement mode, and a case study on an operational tunnel is also conducted to simulate its combination of characteristic displacement modes, increments of internal forces in the lining, and crack propagation based on the cross-sectional monitoring displacements in the real world. Finally, a three-dimensional difference analysis of tunnel point clouds based on the multiscale model to model cloud comparison (M3C2) algorithm is performed to expose the evolution process of the real tunnel deformation directly.
The structural diagnostic platform integrates the tunnel reality models in different periods with all of the analysis results, providing important information about the structural condition and integrity of tunnels for users.

並列關鍵字

Tunnels in operation ； Characteristic modes ； FDM-DEM coupling analysis ； Point clouds ； 3D visualization

參考文獻

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