油電混合車動力系統之可靠度分析

油電混合車有數種不同類型的動力系統配置，也有不同的行駛模式和作用原理。有關油電混合車用元件可靠度的研究甚多，但以整合動力系統為對象的可靠度研究卻不多；因此，本研究著重探討油電混合車動力系統的可靠度。我們首先將動力系統轉化為系統方塊圖，並參照市面上常見車款的行駛效能以及我國的車輛使用狀況，以元件失效率為定值，且元件之間失效為獨立事件的假設為基礎，建構市面常見油電混合車不同配置動力系統可靠度分析模型；而後，在國內廣泛採用NEDC (New European Driving Cycle)的行車型態考量下，依據系統內各元件在各種操作模式下是否運轉而致衰退，評估並比較不同動力系統的可靠度。我們參考美軍可靠度手冊上的數據，依據所建構的模型進行運算，嘗試驗證模型的合理性；我們也探討並比較不同行車路況對不同配置動力系統可靠度的影響；最後也進行敏感度分析，探討各元件對系統可靠度的影響，並透過敏感度指標，辨識系統內各元件之相對重要性。本研究結果顯示，我們所提出的模型適合用來評估油電混合車動力系統的可靠度；而經比較不同配置動力系統的可靠度分析結果，我們發現並聯式混合動力系統在市區行駛下，可靠度降低程度高於其他配置的動力系統；我們也成功示範，可以元件敏感度指標的提升作為動力系統可靠度提升的參考方向。

關鍵字

油電混合車；動力系統；可靠度；敏感度；行車型態；運作模式

並列摘要

In recent years, hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have been developed and used for overcoming energy crisis. The reliability of HEV remains a critical issue that cannot be neglected. To evaluate the reliability of a HEV, one has to understand the structure of powertrain and its operation mode. In this thesis, a method to evaluate the reliabilities of various types of HEV is proposed. First, the operation modes of powertrain system of a HEV are examined and discussed by taking several hybrid electrical vehicles in market as examples. Among them, a representative and commonly used New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) is selected. The concept of reliability engineering is employed for constructing an analytical model under the consideration of powertrain operated in NEDC and other conditions. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to find critical components that affect the reliability of powertrain system. The research result shows the proposed model evaluates the reliability of powertrain system of a HEV very well. It is found that HEVs having powertrain system arranged in parallel are less reliable than those having other arranged powertrain systems when they were operated in urban areas. How the reliability of powertrain system of a HEV can be enhanced by raising the reliability of its components is also shown in the thesis.

並列關鍵字

hybrid electric vehicle ； powertrain ； reliability ； sensitivity analysis ； driving cycle ； operation mode

參考文獻

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油電混合車動力系統之可靠度分析

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