工作特質、疲勞與急性心肌梗塞之相關

Work characteristics, Burnout, and Acute Myocardial Infarction

張晏蓉(Yen-Jung Chang)

指導教授 ： 鄭雅文

國立臺灣大學/公共衛生學院/衛生政策與管理研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2005.02011

摘要

本研究分兩項研究主題，第一部份以全國性的受雇者調查資料進行橫斷性分析，探討國內受雇工作者疲勞的社會分布。第二部份以病例對照研究方式，探討工作特質與急性心肌梗塞罹病風險之間的關係。

橫斷性研究以中文版哥本哈根疲勞量表Copenhagen Burnout Inventory （CBI）做為測量疲勞的工具，另以Karasek「控制－負荷模型」測量心理負荷量與工作控制感，同時收集其他工作資料進行分析。研究發現，疲勞的社會分布有性別及年齡上的差異，女性與年輕的受雇者疲勞程度較嚴重；此外，每週工作時數大於49小時、心理負荷量大、家中有需受照顧人口的受雇者，均為疲勞的高危險群。

病例對照研究的病例組個案為台南縣市的急性心肌梗塞病患，對照組來自社區配對抽樣，以問卷收集研究資料。研究發現，長時間工作、工作身分為雇主、心理負荷量大、對工作過度投入等工作特質，均可能與罹患急性心肌梗塞有關，其中工作過度投入造成的罹病危險性最高。

綜合以上研究結果，工作特質可能會對疲勞、急性心肌梗塞的發病造成影響，疲勞的高危險群以及急性心肌梗塞的工作特質危險因子，是健康促進應正視的重心。

關鍵字

工作特質 ； 疲勞 ； 急性心肌梗塞

並列摘要

There are two purposes in this study: First, we conducted a cross-sectional study, utilizing data from a survey of nationally representative population of employees to examine the distribution of burnout in association with demographic and work characteristics. Secondly, we carried out a case-control study to examine the association between work characteristics and the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

For the first study, the status of personal burnout and work-related burnout was assessed by the Chinese version of Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (C-CBI). We evaluated the psychological job demands and job control by Karasek’s Demand-Control model. Information of demographic and other work characteristics was also obtained. The results showed that women and younger employees reported higher scores of both personal burnout and work-related burnout. In addition, higher levels of burnout were found among employees who were working for 49 hours or above per week, with higher level of psychological job demands, and with family loads.

In the case-control study, cases were 200 AMI patients living in Tainan area. We selected controls from community and matched them to cases on gender, age, and residence. Information on work characteristics was obtained by a self-administered questionnaire. We found that long working hours, working status as an employer, higher level of psychological demands, and over-commitment to work would increase the risk of AMI. Among them, being over-commitment to work was the most significant risk factor.

Overall, work characteristics were associated with burnout and AMI. The high-risk groups of burnout and work-related risk factors of AMI were the key concerns of health promotion.

並列關鍵字

Work characteristics ； Burnout ； Acute myocardial infarction

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