多自由度多功能構件試驗系統(MATS)分析與設計

Analysis and design of the Multi-Axis Testing System (MATS)

林德宏(Te-Hung Lin)

指導教授 ： 蔡克銓

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.02124

摘要

本研究與MTS公司合作，在國家地震工程研究中心擴建的空間中，建造一多自由度多功能構件試驗系統(Multi-Axial Testing System, MATS)，以便供隔減震構件研究學者使用。MATS為六個自由度的試驗系統，除垂直向載重外，亦有施加水平載重、側向載重及三個方向彎矩之能力，使MATS能模擬構件實際之受力或變形情況。MATS可進行多種不同型式構件之試驗，本研究以四種構件為設計標準，包括隔震支承墊、柱構件、速度型阻尼器以及斜撐構件。
MATS設計所考慮之試驗極限狀況主要分為兩種，其一為垂直載重較大(40 MN)、水平載重較小(4 MN)但水平位移很大(1.2 m)之試驗，考慮的試體為隔震支承墊，試驗中水平位移與垂直載重可同時施加；另一種試驗狀況為垂直載重較小甚至沒有垂直載重，但水平載重較大(8 MN)與水平位移中等(0.5 m)之試驗，考慮的試體為斜撐構件。研究中針對MATS中垂直向千斤頂需求、載重平台、預力錨錠與反力樑進行詳細分析與設計。MATS系統共配置13個美國MTS公司專利的千斤頂，分為7個垂直向、4個側向與2個下壓千斤頂，此種千斤頂能提供推力，卻不能施加拉力，且載重平台滑動時產生之摩擦力很小，能方便多自由度之構件試驗。7個垂直向千斤頂透過載重平台對試體施垂直載重，包括中央1個pressure balanced型式最大載重為30MN之千斤頂，與周邊6個hydrostatic型式最大載重為5MN之千斤頂。4個側向千斤頂最大載重為1MN，用以控制載重平台之側移，2個下壓千斤頂最大載重則為2MN，當垂直載重較小時，能提供垂直向下壓載重，維持系統穩定，側向與下壓千斤頂皆為hydrostatic型式之千斤頂。
MATS採預力混凝土雙A型構架，構架柱皆施加33600 kN之預力，此外鋼造載重平台與反力橫樑亦使用SAP2000進行分析，以了解其應力與變形量，其中反力橫樑在最大荷載時變形量限制為5 mm，旋轉量限制為0.001弧度。在未來的實際使用中，只要是構件的力學行為符合試驗系統容許範圍，例如樑柱接頭試驗與剪力牆試驗亦可利用MATS進行。

關鍵字

構件試驗系統

並列摘要

This multi-axial testing system (MATS) to be installed in the Taiwan National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering is a 6-degree-of-freedom testing facility. This research designs and analyses the loading frame and the test platen in the MATS. MTS Systems Corporation designs the hydraulic and control system. The MATS can apply vertical, horizontal, lateral loading, and three directions of moment on a specimen. That allows the MATS to test a verity of specimens with realistic loading conditions.
There are two extreme categories of experiments considered in the design of the MATS. One demands capabilities of high vertical force (40MN), low horizontal force (4MN), and large horizontal displacement (1.2m). The other demands capabilities of low or zero vertical force, large horizontal force (8MN), and moderate displacement (0.5m). This research designs and analyses the strength and stiffness demands on the steel platen, demands of the post-tensioned concrete frame, and the steel cross beam. To satisfy these testing requirements, there are a total of thirteen actuators in the MATS. One 30MN pressure balanced actuator and eight hydrostatic actuators (six 5MN (hydrostatic) and two 2MN hold down (pressure balanced)) are used for vertical movement control, and four hydrostatic bearings are used to provide translational and rotational deformation capacities of the platen in the horizontal plane.
To reduce the construction cost, the loading frame is constructed by using post-tensioned reinforced concrete. A 33.6MN post-tension force is to be applied to each column of the MATS. By using SAP2000 FEM model, the deformations and the stresses of platen and cross beam are checked. The maximum deformation of the cross beam is within the 5mm limit while the maximum rotation is within the limit of 0.001 radians. System performance curves are constructed to allow the users to check whether specific loading combinations for the specimen can be applied.

並列關鍵字

MATS

參考文獻

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